bookhoard/internal/services/media_scanner.go

// Package services provides the core business logic layer for bookhoard,
// including media scanning, library management, search, analytics, and conversion services.
package services

import (
	"archive/tar"
	"archive/zip"
	"bookhoard/internal/database"
	"bookhoard/internal/utils"
	"bytes"
	"compress/bzip2"
	"compress/gzip"
	"context"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"encoding/hex"
	"encoding/json"
	"encoding/xml"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"image"
	_ "image/jpeg"
	_ "image/png"
	"io"
	"io/fs"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"regexp"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"sync/atomic"
	"time"

	"bookhoard/internal/sevenzip"

	epub "github.com/ArcadiaLin/go-epub"
	"github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify"
	"github.com/google/uuid"
	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5"
	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgtype"
	"github.com/nwaples/rardecode"
	pdfcpuapi "github.com/pdfcpu/pdfcpu/pkg/api"
)

// MediaMetadata contains extracted metadata for media files (ebooks, comics, manga)
type MediaMetadata struct {
	Title        string
	Author       string
	Description  string
	Series       string
	SeriesNumber int32
	Publisher    string
	PublishDate  time.Time
	Contributors []string
	CoverPath    string
	ISBN         string
	ASIN         string
	Tags         []string
	Genre        string

	FileHashInfo *HashInfo
	FileFormats  []*FormatInfo

	// Reading direction fields (from ComicInfo.xml or computed)
	MangaType        string // Raw ComicInfo.xml Manga field
	ReadingDirection string // Computed: auto, ltr, rtl, vertical
	Language         string // ISO 639-1 language code

	// Additional metadata fields (from ComicInfo.xml or other metadata sources)
	// Universal fields (apply to ebooks, audiobooks, comics)
	SeriesCount     int32   // Total items in series (Count field for comics, series count for books)
	Volume          int32   // Volume/omnibus number
	Imprint         string  // Publisher imprint
	AgeRating       string  // Age rating (Everyone, Teen, Mature, Adult)
	WebURL          string  // URL to info page (Goodreads, ComicVine, etc.)
	MetadataNotes   string  // Notes from metadata files (not user notes)
	CommunityRating float64 // Pre-existing community rating (0-10)
	PageCount       int32   // Actual page count (images for comics, pages for PDF)
	TotalCharacters int64   // Total text characters (for reflowable EPUBs)
	ChapterCount    int32   // Number of chapters detected

	// Comic-specific fields
	StoryArc        string // Story arc name
	IsBlackAndWhite bool   // Black and white flag
	AlternateInfo   string // JSONB string of alternate series info
	ScanInformation string // Scan information
	Summary         string // Summary from ComicInfo.xml
}

type HashInfo struct {
	FileSHA256     string
	OPFIdentifier  string
	OPFUUID        string
	HashConfidence string
}

type FormatInfo struct {
	FormatType    string
	FilePath      string
	FileSHA256    string
	FileSizeBytes int64
	MimeType      string
}

// MediaScanner scans library folders for media files (ebooks, comics, manga)
type MediaScanner struct {
	db               *database.Queries
	watcher          *fsnotify.Watcher
	folders          []string
	adminID          pgtype.UUID
	defaultLibraryID pgtype.UUID
	libraryTypes     map[string][]string
	forceRescan      bool
	logger           *ScannerLogger
	dirtyDirs        map[string]time.Time
	dirtyDirsMu      sync.RWMutex
	fileStability    map[string]*atomic.Bool
	fileStabilityMu  sync.RWMutex
	scanMutex        sync.Mutex
	scanInProgress   atomic.Bool
	watching         atomic.Bool
	settingsCache    *SettingsCache

	totalFiles int
	newItems   int
	errors     int
	job        *Job
}

// CalibreOPFMetadata represents intermediate parsed metadata from Calibre metadata.opf files
type CalibreOPFMetadata struct {
	Title        string
	Authors      []string
	Tags         []string
	Description  string
	Publisher    string
	PublishDate  *time.Time
	Language     string
	ISBN         string
	ASIN         string
	UUID         string
	Contributors []string
	Series       string
	SeriesIndex  *float64
	Rating       *int32
	Timestamp    *time.Time
}

// NewMediaScanner creates a new media scanner instance.
//
// The fsnotify watcher is NOT created here. It is created lazily inside
// SetFolders only when watch=true (the long-lived watch-mode scanner).
// Ephemeral one-off scan jobs pass watch=false, so they never allocate a
// watcher (and thus can never panic on EMFILE/ENOSPC). This fixes the
// fd/inotify-watch leak where every scan job created a watcher that was
// never closed.
func NewMediaScanner(db *database.Queries) *MediaScanner {
	return &MediaScanner{
		db:             db,
		watcher:        nil,
		settingsCache:  NewSettingsCache(30 * time.Second),
		dirtyDirs:      make(map[string]time.Time),
		fileStability:  make(map[string]*atomic.Bool),
		watching:       atomic.Bool{},
		scanInProgress: atomic.Bool{},
		folders:        []string{},
		adminID:        pgtype.UUID{},
		defaultLibraryID: pgtype.UUID{Valid: false},
		libraryTypes:   make(map[string][]string),
		logger:         NewScannerLogger(),
	}
}

func (s *MediaScanner) GetPollInterval() time.Duration {
	if cached, ok := s.settingsCache.Get("scan_poll_interval_seconds"); ok {
		if seconds, err := strconv.Atoi(cached); err == nil {
			return time.Duration(seconds) * time.Second
		}
	}

	if s.db == nil {
		return 5 * time.Minute
	}

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	setting, err := s.db.GetSystemSetting(ctx, "scan_poll_interval_seconds")
	if err != nil || setting == "" {
		return 5 * time.Minute
	}

	s.settingsCache.Set("scan_poll_interval_seconds", setting)

	seconds, err := strconv.Atoi(setting)
	if err != nil {
		return 5 * time.Minute
	}
	return time.Duration(seconds) * time.Second
}

func (s *MediaScanner) GetAutoScanEnabled() bool {
	// Check cache first
	if cached, ok := s.settingsCache.Get("auto_scan_enabled"); ok {
		return strings.ToLower(cached) == "true"
	}

	if s.db == nil {
		return true
	}

	// Cache miss - query database
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	setting, err := s.db.GetSystemSetting(ctx, "auto_scan_enabled")
	if err != nil || setting == "" {
		return true
	}

	// Store in cache
	s.settingsCache.Set("auto_scan_enabled", setting)

	return strings.ToLower(setting) == "true"
}

func (s *MediaScanner) SetAdminID(adminID pgtype.UUID) {
	s.adminID = adminID
}

func (s *MediaScanner) SetLibraryID(libraryID pgtype.UUID) {
	s.defaultLibraryID = libraryID
}

func (s *MediaScanner) SetForce(force bool) {
	s.forceRescan = force
}

func (s *MediaScanner) GetStats() (int, int, int) {
	return s.totalFiles, s.newItems, s.errors
}

// SetFolders configures the scanner's folders and (optionally) sets up an
// fsnotify watcher over the full directory tree.
//
// watch should be true only for the single long-lived watch-mode scanner that
// actually consumes watcher.Events. Ephemeral scan jobs must pass false so no
// watcher (and thus no fd/inotify watches) is allocated — the watcher is never
// read by scan jobs and previously leaked one watcher per job.
func (s *MediaScanner) SetFolders(folders []string, watch bool) error {
	s.folders = folders

	// Always close any previously-owned watcher so reconfiguration doesn't leak.
	if s.watcher != nil {
		if err := s.watcher.Close(); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close old watcher during folder reconfiguration: %v\n", err)
		}
		s.watcher = nil
	}

	// Create + populate a fresh watcher only when the caller intends to read events.
	if watch {
		watcher, err := fsnotify.NewWatcher()
		if err != nil {
			// Return an error instead of panicking so a failed watcher can't
			// take down the whole process.
			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create watcher: %w", err)
		}
		s.watcher = watcher
	}

	// Build cache of allowed extensions per folder
	// Uses Go AllowedExtensions map as source of truth (not DB)
	s.libraryTypes = make(map[string][]string)
	ctx := context.Background()

	for _, folder := range folders {
		lib, err := s.db.GetLibraryByFolder(ctx, folder)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to get library for folder %s: %v\n", folder, err)
			continue
		}

		libType, err := s.db.GetLibraryType(ctx, lib.LibraryTypeID)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to get library type for %s: %v\n", folder, err)
			continue
		}

		if exts, ok := AllowedExtensions[libType.Name]; ok {
			s.libraryTypes[folder] = exts
			fmt.Printf("Scanner: Folder %s (type: %s) allows extensions: %v\n",
				folder, libType.Name, exts)
		} else {
			s.libraryTypes[folder] = libType.AllowedExtensions
			fmt.Printf("Scanner: Folder %s (type: %s) using DB extensions (no Go map entry): %v\n",
				folder, libType.Name, libType.AllowedExtensions)
		}
	}

	// Add all folders and their subdirectories to the watcher (like Audiobookshelf).
	// Only when watching; scan jobs (watch=false) skip this entirely.
	if s.watcher != nil {
		watchCount := 0
		for _, folder := range folders {
			if err := s.watcher.Add(folder); err != nil {
				fmt.Printf("[WATCHER] Warning: failed to watch root folder %s: %v\n", folder, err)
			} else {
				watchCount++
			}
			filepath.WalkDir(folder, func(path string, d fs.DirEntry, err error) error {
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				if !d.IsDir() || path == folder {
					return nil
				}
				if err := s.watcher.Add(path); err != nil {
					fmt.Printf("[WATCHER] Warning: failed to watch subdirectory %s: %v\n", path, err)
				} else {
					watchCount++
				}
				return nil
			})
		}

		fmt.Printf("[WATCHER] Now watching %d directories across %d root folders\n", watchCount, len(folders))
	} else {
		fmt.Printf("[SCANNER] Configured %d root folders (watch mode disabled, no inotify watcher)\n", len(folders))
	}

	return nil
}

func (s *MediaScanner) enqueueLibraryScan(rootFolder string) {
	if s.db == nil {
		return
	}

	libRow, err := s.db.GetLibraryByFolderPathPrefix(context.Background(), rootFolder)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("[MTIME-POLL] Warning: could not find library for %s: %v\n", rootFolder, err)
		return
	}

	folders, err := s.db.GetLibraryFolders(context.Background(), libRow.LibraryID)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("[MTIME-POLL] Warning: could not get folders for library: %v\n", err)
		return
	}

	folderPaths := make([]string, len(folders))
	for i, f := range folders {
		folderPaths[i] = f.FolderPath
	}

	adminIDStr := ""
	if libRow.CreatedByAdminID.Valid {
		adminIDStr = uuid.UUID(libRow.CreatedByAdminID.Bytes).String()
	}
	if adminIDStr == "" {
		fmt.Printf("[MTIME-POLL] Library has no owner, falling back to first admin\n")
		fallbackAdmin, err := s.db.GetFirstAdmin(context.Background())
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("[MTIME-POLL] Warning: no admin found in database, skipping scan\n")
			return
		}
		adminIDStr = uuid.UUID(fallbackAdmin.Bytes).String()
	}

	libraryIDStr := uuid.UUID(libRow.LibraryID.Bytes).String()

	job := &Job{
		ID:      uuid.New().String(),
		Type:    JobTypeScan,
		Status:  JobStatusPending,
		UserID:  adminIDStr,
		Context: context.Background(),
		Params: map[string]any{
			"library_id": libraryIDStr,
			"folders":    folderPaths,
			"admin_id":   adminIDStr,
			"db":         s.db,
			"force":      false,
		},
	}

	if WorkerInstance != nil {
		WorkerInstance.Enqueue(job)
		fmt.Printf("[MTIME-POLL] Enqueued library scan for %s (library: %s)\n", rootFolder, libraryIDStr)
	}
}

func (s *MediaScanner) ScanFolders(ctx context.Context) error {
	if len(s.folders) == 0 {
		return fmt.Errorf("no folders set")
	}

	s.totalFiles = 0
	s.newItems = 0
	s.errors = 0

	for _, folder := range s.folders {
		if err := filepath.WalkDir(folder, func(path string, d fs.DirEntry, err error) error {
			if !d.IsDir() && s.isScannableFile(path) {
				s.totalFiles++
			}
			return nil
		}); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to count files in %s: %v\n", folder, err)
			return nil
		}
	}

	fmt.Printf("Starting scan of %d folders: %v (%d files to scan)\n", len(s.folders), s.folders, s.totalFiles)

	processedFiles := 0
	mediaFiles := 0

	for _, folder := range s.folders {
		fmt.Printf("Scanning folder: %s\n", folder)

		if _, err := os.Stat(folder); os.IsNotExist(err) {
			fmt.Printf("Folder does not exist: %s\n", folder)
			s.errors++
			continue
		}

		err := filepath.WalkDir(folder, func(path string, d fs.DirEntry, err error) error {
			if err != nil {
				fmt.Printf("Error accessing path %s: %v\n", path, err)
				s.errors++
				return err
			}

			if d.IsDir() {
				if s.watcher != nil {
					if err := s.watcher.Add(path); err != nil {
						fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to watch subdirectory %s: %v\n", path, err)
					}
				}
				return nil
			}

			if s.isScannableFile(path) {
				mediaFiles++
				processedFiles++

				if processedFiles%10 == 0 && s.totalFiles > 0 {
					progress := float64(processedFiles) / float64(s.totalFiles)
					if s.job != nil {
						s.job.UpdateProgress(progress, processedFiles, s.newItems, s.errors)
					}
				}

				wasNew, err := s.processMediaFile(ctx, path)
				if err != nil {
					fmt.Printf("Error processing media file %s: %v\n", path, err)
					s.errors++
				} else if wasNew {
					fmt.Printf("Successfully processed media file: %s\n", path)
				} else {
					fmt.Printf("Successfully processed media file: %s\n", path)
				}
			}

			return nil
		})
		if err != nil {
			s.errors++
			return fmt.Errorf("failed to scan folder %s: %v", folder, err)
		}
	}

	fmt.Printf("Scan completed: %d total files scanned, %d media files found, %d new items, %d errors\n",
		processedFiles, mediaFiles, s.newItems, s.errors)

	// Clean up: Find media items in DB that no longer exist on filesystem
	for _, folder := range s.folders {
		lib, err := s.db.GetLibraryByFolder(ctx, folder)
		if err != nil {
			continue
		}
		libraryID := lib.LibraryID

		dbItems, err := s.db.ListMediaItemsByLibrary(ctx, libraryID)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to get library items for cleanup: %v\n", err)
			continue
		}

		// Build set of scanned file paths for this folder
		scannedPaths := make(map[string]bool)
		if err := filepath.WalkDir(folder, func(path string, d os.DirEntry, walkErr error) error {
			if walkErr != nil {
				return walkErr
			}
			if !d.IsDir() && s.isScannableFile(path) {
				scannedPaths[s.getRelativePath(path)] = true
			}
			return nil
		}); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("[RESCAN-CLEANUP] Warning: failed to walk directory %s, skipping orphan cleanup: %v\n", folder, err)
			continue // Skip to next folder to avoid false deletions
		}

		// Delete items whose files no longer exist - with safety logging
		for _, item := range dbItems {
			filePath := item.FilePath
			if filePath != "" && !scannedPaths[filePath] {
				msg := fmt.Sprintf("[RESCAN-CLEANUP] Orphaned media item found: ID=%s, Title=%s, Path=%s",
					item.ID, item.Title, filePath)
				s.logger.LogDelete(msg)

				delMsg := fmt.Sprintf("[RESCAN-CLEANUP] Deleting orphaned item '%s' (file no longer exists at %s)",
					item.Title, filePath)
				s.logger.LogDelete(delMsg)

				if err := s.db.DeleteMediaItem(ctx, item.ID); err != nil {
					errMsg := fmt.Sprintf("[RESCAN-CLEANUP] ERROR: failed to delete orphaned item %s: %v", item.Title, err)
					s.logger.LogDelete(errMsg)
					s.logger.LogError(errMsg)
				} else {
					s.logger.LogDelete(fmt.Sprintf("[RESCAN-CLEANUP] SUCCESS: deleted orphaned item '%s'", item.Title))
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if s.job != nil && s.totalFiles > 0 {
		s.job.UpdateProgress(1.0, processedFiles, s.newItems, s.errors)
	}

	return nil
}

func (s *MediaScanner) isScannableFile(path string) bool {
	ext := strings.ToLower(filepath.Ext(path))

	// Find which folder this file belongs to
	var folder string
	for _, f := range s.folders {
		if strings.HasPrefix(path, f) {
			folder = f
			break
		}
	}

	// If no folder match, don't scan
	if folder == "" {
		return false
	}

	// Get allowed extensions for this folder's library
	allowed, ok := s.libraryTypes[folder]
	if !ok {
		// No library type info, skip file
		fmt.Printf("Warning: No library type info for folder %s, skipping %s\n", folder, path)
		return false
	}

	// Check if file extension is allowed for this library type
	for _, allowedExt := range allowed {
		if ext == strings.ToLower(allowedExt) {
			return true
		}
	}

	return false
}

// extractFolderStructureMetadata extracts metadata from folder paths, prioritizing Calibre structure
func (s *MediaScanner) extractFolderStructureMetadata(path, rootFolder string) *MediaMetadata {
	metadata := &MediaMetadata{}

	// Get the relative path from root folder
	relPath, err := filepath.Rel(rootFolder, path)
	if err != nil {
		return metadata
	}

	// Split into directory components
	dir := filepath.Dir(relPath)
	components := strings.Split(dir, string(filepath.Separator))

	if len(components) < 2 {
		return metadata // Not enough structure to extract
	}

	// Calibre structure detection
	// Pattern 1: Author Name/Book Title/
	// Pattern 2: Author Name/Series Name/Book Title/
	// Pattern 3: Author Name/Series Name, Book #1 - Book Title/

	author := strings.TrimSuffix(components[0], "_") // Remove trailing underscore if present
	metadata.Author = strings.ReplaceAll(author, "_", " ")

	if len(components) >= 3 {
		// This might be a series structure
		possibleSeries := components[1]
		possibleTitle := components[2]

		// Check for Calibre series format: "Series Name, Book #1 - Title"
		seriesMatch := regexp.MustCompile(`^(.*),\s+Book\s+#(\d+)\s*-\s*(.*)$`).FindStringSubmatch(possibleSeries)
		if len(seriesMatch) == 4 {
			metadata.Series = strings.ReplaceAll(seriesMatch[1], "_", " ")
			if seriesNum, err := strconv.ParseInt(seriesMatch[2], 10, 32); err == nil {
				metadata.SeriesNumber = int32(seriesNum)
			}
			metadata.Title = strings.ReplaceAll(possibleTitle, "_", " ")
		} else {
			// Simple series structure: Author/Series/Title
			metadata.Series = strings.ReplaceAll(possibleSeries, "_", " ")
			metadata.Title = strings.ReplaceAll(possibleTitle, "_", " ")

			// Try to extract series number from title
			titleNumMatch := regexp.MustCompile(`^(.*)\s+(\d+)$`).FindStringSubmatch(metadata.Title)
			if len(titleNumMatch) == 3 {
				metadata.Title = titleNumMatch[1]
				if seriesNum, err := strconv.ParseInt(titleNumMatch[2], 10, 32); err == nil {
					metadata.SeriesNumber = int32(seriesNum)
				}
			}
		}
	} else {
		// Simple structure: Author/Title
		metadata.Title = strings.ReplaceAll(components[1], "_", " ")
	}

	return metadata
}

var bookExtensions = map[string]bool{
	".epub": true, ".pdf": true, ".mobi": true, ".azw": true, ".azw3": true,
	".fb2": true, ".txt": true, ".rtf": true, ".doc": true, ".docx": true,
	".lit": true, ".pdb": true, ".djvu": true,
	".cbz": true, ".cbr": true, ".cb7": true, ".cbt": true,
}

func hasSiblingBookFile(dir string) bool {
	entries, err := os.ReadDir(dir)
	if err != nil {
		return false
	}
	for _, entry := range entries {
		if !entry.IsDir() && bookExtensions[strings.ToLower(filepath.Ext(entry.Name()))] {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

func (s *MediaScanner) processMediaFile(ctx context.Context, path string) (bool, error) {
	fmt.Printf("Processing media file: %s\n", path)

	// Get file info
	info, err := os.Stat(path)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Failed to get file info for %s: %v\n", path, err)
		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to get file info: %v", err)
	}

	if isImageFile(path) && hasSiblingBookFile(filepath.Dir(path)) {
		return false, nil
	}

	fileModTime := info.ModTime()

	// Find library for this file's folder
	var libraryID pgtype.UUID
	if s.defaultLibraryID.Valid {
		libraryID = s.defaultLibraryID
	} else {
		for _, folder := range s.folders {
			if strings.HasPrefix(path, folder) {
				lib, err := s.db.GetLibraryByFolder(ctx, folder)
				if err != nil {
					return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to find library for folder %s: %v", folder, err)
				}
				libraryID = lib.LibraryID
				break
			}
		}
	}

	if !libraryID.Valid {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("no library found for file path: %s", path)
	}

	// Check if media item already exists in database
	existingItem, err := s.getMediaItemByFilePath(ctx, path, libraryID)
	if err == nil {
		fmt.Printf("Media item already exists in database: %s (size: %d vs %d)\n", path, existingItem.FileSize.Int64, info.Size())

		// If force rescan is enabled, always re-process
		if s.forceRescan {
			fmt.Printf("Force rescan enabled, updating existing media item: %s\n", path)
			// Use UPDATE instead of DELETE+INSERT to preserve created_at
			if err := s.updateMediaItem(ctx, existingItem.ID, path, info); err != nil {
				fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to update existing media item: %v\n", err)
			}
			return false, nil
		} else {
			// Normal behavior: check if file has changed (by size)
			if existingItem.FileSize.Int64 != info.Size() {
				fmt.Printf("File size changed, updating media item: %s\n", path)
				_ = s.updateMediaItem(ctx, existingItem.ID, path, info)
				return false, nil
			}
			fmt.Printf("Media item already exists with same size, skipping: %s\n", path)
			return false, nil
		}
	} else if !errors.Is(err, pgx.ErrNoRows) {
		fmt.Printf("Database error checking media item existence: %v\n", err)
		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to check if media item exists: %v", err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Media item does not exist in database, creating new entry: %s\n", path)

	// Extract metadata from file first
	metadata, err := s.extractMetadata(path)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to extract metadata from %s: %v\n", path, err)
		metadata = &MediaMetadata{}
	}

	// Extract hash information during metadata extraction
	hashInfo, formatInfo, err := s.extractHashInfo(path)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to extract hash info from %s: %v\n", path, err)
		hashInfo = &HashInfo{}
	} else {
		metadata.FileHashInfo = hashInfo
		metadata.FileFormats = []*FormatInfo{formatInfo}
		fmt.Printf("Hash info for %s: SHA256=%s, OPF_ID=%s, OPF_UUID=%s, Confidence=%s\n",
			path, hashInfo.FileSHA256, hashInfo.OPFIdentifier, hashInfo.OPFUUID, hashInfo.HashConfidence)
	}

	// REMOVED: Comic metadata extraction now handled by mergeMetadata()
	// This avoids duplicate extraction and ensures smart merging happens

	// Try to get metadata from folder structure as fallback/enhancement
	// Use the root folder that contains this file
	var rootFolder string
	for _, folder := range s.folders {
		if strings.HasPrefix(path, folder) {
			rootFolder = folder
			break
		}
	}

	if rootFolder != "" {
		folderMetadata := s.extractFolderStructureMetadata(path, rootFolder)

		// Use folder metadata as fallback for missing information
		if metadata.Title == "" && folderMetadata.Title != "" {
			metadata.Title = folderMetadata.Title
		}
		if metadata.Author == "" && folderMetadata.Author != "" {
			metadata.Author = folderMetadata.Author
		}
		if metadata.Series == "" && folderMetadata.Series != "" {
			metadata.Series = folderMetadata.Series
		}
		if metadata.SeriesNumber == 0 && folderMetadata.SeriesNumber > 0 {
			metadata.SeriesNumber = folderMetadata.SeriesNumber
		}
	}

	// Final fallback if still missing essential metadata
	if metadata.Title == "" {
		metadata.Title = strings.TrimSuffix(filepath.Base(path), filepath.Ext(path))
	}
	if metadata.Author == "" {
		metadata.Author = "Unknown"
	}

	// libraryID already determined at start of function

	// Normalize metadata fields for display
	metadata.Contributors = utils.NormalizeContributors(metadata.Contributors)
	metadata.Tags = utils.NormalizeTags(metadata.Tags)

	// Normalize search fields
	contributorsSearch := utils.NormalizeContributorsSearch(metadata.Contributors)
	tagsSearch := utils.NormalizeTagsSearch(metadata.Tags)

	// Create media item in database
	relativePath := s.getRelativePath(path)
	createdItem, err := s.db.CreateMediaItem(ctx, database.CreateMediaItemParams{
		LibraryID:          libraryID,
		Title:              metadata.Title,
		Author:             pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Author, Valid: metadata.Author != ""},
		Isbn:               pgtype.Text{String: utils.NormalizeISBNSafe(metadata.ISBN), Valid: metadata.ISBN != ""},
		Asin:               pgtype.Text{String: metadata.ASIN, Valid: metadata.ASIN != ""},
		Description:        pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Description, Valid: metadata.Description != ""},
		FilePath:           relativePath,
		FileSize:           pgtype.Int8{Int64: info.Size(), Valid: true},
		MimeType:           pgtype.Text{String: s.getMimeType(path), Valid: true},
		CoverImagePath:     pgtype.Text{String: metadata.CoverPath, Valid: metadata.CoverPath != ""},
		Series:             pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Series, Valid: metadata.Series != ""},
		SeriesNumber:       pgtype.Int4{Int32: metadata.SeriesNumber, Valid: metadata.SeriesNumber > 0},
		Publisher:          pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Publisher, Valid: metadata.Publisher != ""},
		DatePublished:      pgtype.Date{Time: metadata.PublishDate, Valid: !metadata.PublishDate.IsZero()},
		Contributors:       metadata.Contributors,
		ContributorsSearch: contributorsSearch,
		Tags:               metadata.Tags,
		TagsSearch:         tagsSearch,
		AddedByAdminID:     s.adminID,
		CreatedAt:          pgtype.Timestamptz{Time: fileModTime, Valid: true},
		ImportedAt:         pgtype.Timestamptz{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
		MangaType:          pgtype.Text{String: metadata.MangaType, Valid: metadata.MangaType != ""},
		ReadingDirection:   pgtype.Text{String: metadata.ReadingDirection, Valid: metadata.ReadingDirection != ""},
		SeriesCount:        pgtype.Int4{Int32: metadata.SeriesCount, Valid: metadata.SeriesCount > 0},
		Volume:             pgtype.Int4{Int32: metadata.Volume, Valid: metadata.Volume > 0},
		Imprint:            pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Imprint, Valid: metadata.Imprint != ""},
		AgeRating:          pgtype.Text{String: metadata.AgeRating, Valid: metadata.AgeRating != ""},
		WebUrl:             pgtype.Text{String: metadata.WebURL, Valid: metadata.WebURL != ""},
		StoryArc:           pgtype.Text{String: metadata.StoryArc, Valid: metadata.StoryArc != ""},
		IsBlackAndWhite:    pgtype.Bool{Bool: metadata.IsBlackAndWhite, Valid: true},
		MetadataNotes:      pgtype.Text{String: metadata.MetadataNotes, Valid: metadata.MetadataNotes != ""},
		AlternateInfo: func() []byte {
			if metadata.AlternateInfo != "" {
				return []byte(metadata.AlternateInfo)
			}
			return nil
		}(),
		ScanInformation: pgtype.Text{String: metadata.ScanInformation, Valid: metadata.ScanInformation != ""},
		Summary:         pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Summary, Valid: metadata.Summary != ""},
		CommunityRating: pgtype.Float8{Float64: metadata.CommunityRating, Valid: metadata.CommunityRating > 0},
		PageCount:       pgtype.Int4{Int32: metadata.PageCount, Valid: metadata.PageCount > 0},
	})
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to create media item: %v", err)
	}

	// Update hash information before database storage
	if metadata.FileHashInfo != nil && metadata.FileHashInfo.FileSHA256 != "" {
		_, err = s.db.UpdateMediaItemIdentifiers(ctx, database.UpdateMediaItemIdentifiersParams{
			ID:             createdItem.ID,
			FileSha256:     pgtype.Text{String: metadata.FileHashInfo.FileSHA256, Valid: true},
			OpfIdentifier:  pgtype.Text{String: metadata.FileHashInfo.OPFIdentifier, Valid: metadata.FileHashInfo.OPFIdentifier != ""},
			OpfUuid:        pgtype.Text{String: metadata.FileHashInfo.OPFUUID, Valid: metadata.FileHashInfo.OPFUUID != ""},
			HashConfidence: pgtype.Text{String: metadata.FileHashInfo.HashConfidence, Valid: true},
		})
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to update hash identifiers for %s: %v\n", path, err)
		}
	}

	// Set format group, total characters, and chapter count
	mimeType := s.getMimeType(path)
	ext := strings.ToLower(filepath.Ext(path))
	var formatGroup string
	var isReflowable, hasFixedLayout bool
	switch ext {
	case ".epub":
		isFixed, fixedErr := s.DetectFixedLayoutEPUB(path)
		if fixedErr == nil && isFixed {
			formatGroup = "fixed_layout"
			hasFixedLayout = true
		} else {
			formatGroup = "reflowable"
			isReflowable = true
		}
	case ".mobi", ".azw", ".azw3", ".fb2", ".txt":
		formatGroup = "reflowable"
		isReflowable = true
	case ".pdf", ".djvu":
		formatGroup = "fixed_layout"
		hasFixedLayout = true
	case ".cbz", ".cbr", ".cb7", ".cbt":
		formatGroup = "comic_archive"
		hasFixedLayout = true
	default:
		formatGroup = "unknown"
	}
	err = s.db.UpdateMediaItemFormatGroup(ctx, database.UpdateMediaItemFormatGroupParams{
		ID:              createdItem.ID,
		FormatGroup:     formatGroup,
		FormatMimetype:  pgtype.Text{String: mimeType, Valid: mimeType != ""},
		IsReflowable:    pgtype.Bool{Bool: isReflowable, Valid: true},
		HasFixedLayout:  pgtype.Bool{Bool: hasFixedLayout, Valid: true},
		TotalCharacters: pgtype.Int8{Int64: metadata.TotalCharacters, Valid: metadata.TotalCharacters > 0},
		ChapterCount:    pgtype.Int4{Int32: metadata.ChapterCount, Valid: metadata.ChapterCount > 0},
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to update format info for %s: %v\n", path, err)
	}

	// Store format information in the database
	for _, format := range metadata.FileFormats {
		_, err = s.db.CreateMediaItemFormat(ctx, database.CreateMediaItemFormatParams{
			MediaItemID:   createdItem.ID,
			FormatType:    format.FormatType,
			FilePath:      pgtype.Text{String: s.getRelativePath(format.FilePath), Valid: true},
			FileSha256:    pgtype.Text{String: format.FileSHA256, Valid: true},
			FileSizeBytes: pgtype.Int8{Int64: format.FileSizeBytes, Valid: true},
			MimeType:      pgtype.Text{String: format.MimeType, Valid: true},
		})
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to create format entry for %s: %v\n", path, err)
		}
	}

	s.newItems++
	return true, nil
}

// extractCalibreSidecar checks for and parses a Calibre metadata.opf sidecar file
func (s *MediaScanner) extractCalibreSidecar(path string) *MediaMetadata {
	// Get directory of media file
	dir := filepath.Dir(path)
	opfPath := filepath.Join(dir, "metadata.opf")

	// Check if sidecar exists
	if _, err := os.Stat(opfPath); os.IsNotExist(err) {
		return nil // No sidecar, not an error
	}

	// Parse sidecar
	metadata, err := s.parseCalibreMetadataOPF(opfPath)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to parse Calibre metadata.opf: %v\n", err)
		return nil // Parsing failed, fall back to embedded
	}

	return metadata
}

// mergeMetadata intelligently merges metadata from multiple sources
// Priority: metadata.opf (Calibre) → embedded metadata → folder structure → filename
// For comics: metadata.opf → ComicInfo.xml → folder structure → filename
func (s *MediaScanner) mergeMetadata(path string, calibreMetadata *MediaMetadata) (*MediaMetadata, error) {
	metadata := calibreMetadata
	if metadata == nil {
		metadata = &MediaMetadata{}
	}

	ext := strings.ToLower(filepath.Ext(path))

	// For EPUB files
	if ext == ".epub" {
		book, err := epub.ReadBook(path)
		if err == nil {
			genreTags := extractGenreTagsFromEPUB(book)
			processGenresAndTags(metadata, genreTags)
			if allText := book.AllChaptersText(); len(allText) > 0 {
				metadata.TotalCharacters = int64(len(allText))
			}
			metadata.ChapterCount = int32(book.ChapterCount())
		}
		isFixed, fixedErr := s.DetectFixedLayoutEPUB(path)
		if fixedErr == nil && isFixed {
			if pageCount, imgErr := countArchiveImages(path); imgErr == nil && pageCount > 0 {
				metadata.PageCount = int32(pageCount)
			}
		}
	}

	// For comic archives, try to extract ComicInfo.xml
	if ext == ".cbz" || ext == ".cbr" || ext == ".cb7" || ext == ".cbt" {
		comicInfo, cover, err := extractComicMetadata(path)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to extract comic metadata from %s: %v\n", path, err)
		} else if comicInfo != nil {
			// Merge ComicInfo.xml fields (only if not already set from Calibre)
			if metadata.Title == "" && comicInfo.Title != "" {
				metadata.Title = comicInfo.Title
			}
			if metadata.Series == "" && comicInfo.Series != "" {
				metadata.Series = comicInfo.Series
			}
			if metadata.SeriesNumber == 0 && comicInfo.Number > 0 {
				metadata.SeriesNumber = int32(comicInfo.Number)
			}
			if metadata.Publisher == "" && comicInfo.Publisher != "" {
				metadata.Publisher = comicInfo.Publisher
			}
			if metadata.Author == "" && comicInfo.Writer != "" {
				metadata.Author = comicInfo.Writer
			}
			if metadata.Description == "" && comicInfo.Summary != "" {
				metadata.Description = comicInfo.Summary
			}

			// NEW: Always extract reading direction from ComicInfo.xml
			// (even if metadata.opf exists, since Calibre doesn't support this field)
			metadata.MangaType = normalizeMangaType(comicInfo.Manga)
			metadata.ReadingDirection = determineReadingDirection(comicInfo)
			metadata.Language = comicInfo.LanguageISO

			// NEW: Extract additional comic-specific fields
			// Series information
			if metadata.SeriesCount == 0 && comicInfo.Count > 0 {
				metadata.SeriesCount = int32(comicInfo.Count)
			}
			if metadata.Volume == 0 && comicInfo.Volume > 0 {
				metadata.Volume = int32(comicInfo.Volume)
			}

			// Publisher and classification
			if metadata.Imprint == "" && comicInfo.Imprint != "" {
				metadata.Imprint = comicInfo.Imprint
			}
			if metadata.StoryArc == "" && comicInfo.StoryArc != "" {
				metadata.StoryArc = comicInfo.StoryArc
			}
			if metadata.AgeRating == "" && comicInfo.AgeRating != "" {
				metadata.AgeRating = normalizeAgeRating(comicInfo.AgeRating)
			}

			// NEW: Process genres and tags (universal logic for all formats)
			// Extract genre tags from ComicInfo.xml (Genre + Tags + Characters + Teams + Locations)
			genreTags := extractGenreTagsFromComicInfo(comicInfo)
			processGenresAndTags(metadata, genreTags)

			// Additional metadata
			if metadata.WebURL == "" && comicInfo.Web != "" {
				metadata.WebURL = comicInfo.Web
			}
			if metadata.MetadataNotes == "" && comicInfo.Notes != "" {
				metadata.MetadataNotes = comicInfo.Notes
			}
			if metadata.ScanInformation == "" && comicInfo.ScanInformation != "" {
				metadata.ScanInformation = comicInfo.ScanInformation
			}
			if metadata.Summary == "" && comicInfo.Summary != "" {
				metadata.Summary = comicInfo.Summary
			}

			// Boolean fields
			if !metadata.IsBlackAndWhite && strings.ToLower(comicInfo.BlackAndWhite) == "yes" {
				metadata.IsBlackAndWhite = true
			}
			if metadata.CommunityRating == 0 && comicInfo.CommunityRating > 0 {
				metadata.CommunityRating = comicInfo.CommunityRating
			}

			// Alternate series information (store as JSONB string)
			if metadata.AlternateInfo == "" && (comicInfo.AlternateSeries != "" || comicInfo.AlternateNumber > 0) {
				alternateData := map[string]any{}
				if comicInfo.AlternateSeries != "" {
					alternateData["alternate_series"] = comicInfo.AlternateSeries
				}
				if comicInfo.AlternateNumber > 0 {
					alternateData["alternate_number"] = comicInfo.AlternateNumber
				}
				if comicInfo.AlternateCount > 0 {
					alternateData["alternate_count"] = comicInfo.AlternateCount
				}
				if len(alternateData) > 0 {
					jsonBytes, err := json.Marshal(alternateData)
					if err == nil {
						metadata.AlternateInfo = string(jsonBytes)
					}
				}
			}

			// REMOVED: Tag enhancement now handled by processGenresAndTags()
			// Characters, Teams, Locations are already processed via extractGenreTagsFromComicInfo()

			// Extract cover if not already present
			if len(cover) > 0 && metadata.CoverPath == "" {
				coverPath := path + ".cover.jpg"
				if err := os.WriteFile(coverPath, cover, 0644); err == nil {
					metadata.CoverPath = s.getRelativePath(coverPath)
				}
			}

			fmt.Printf("Merged comic metadata from %s: title=%s, series=%s, issue=%d, manga=%s, direction=%s\n",
				path, comicInfo.Title, comicInfo.Series, comicInfo.Number, comicInfo.Manga, metadata.ReadingDirection)
		}

		if pageCount, err := countArchiveImages(path); err == nil && pageCount > 0 {
			metadata.PageCount = int32(pageCount)
		}
	}

	return metadata, nil
}

// containsTag checks if a tag already exists in the tags array
func containsTag(tags []string, tag string) bool {
	tag = strings.ToLower(tag)
	for _, t := range tags {
		if strings.ToLower(t) == tag {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

// normalizeMangaType normalizes ComicInfo.xml Manga field to database enum values
func normalizeMangaType(manga string) string {
	switch strings.ToLower(strings.ReplaceAll(manga, " ", "")) {
	case "unknown":
		return "unknown"
	case "no":
		return "no"
	case "yes":
		return "yes"
	case "yesandrighttoleft":
		return "yes_and_right_to_left"
	default:
		return "unknown"
	}
}

// determineReadingDirection computes reading direction from ComicInfo metadata
// Uses Manga field + language heuristics + genre tags
func determineReadingDirection(comicInfo *ComicInfo) string {
	// 1. Check explicit Manga field
	manga := normalizeMangaType(comicInfo.Manga)
	switch manga {
	case "yes_and_right_to_left":
		return "rtl" // Traditional Japanese manga
	case "yes", "no":
		return "ltr" // Manga style but LTR, or Western comic
	}

	// 2. Language heuristic: Japanese → RTL
	lang := strings.ToLower(comicInfo.LanguageISO)
	if lang == "ja" || lang == "jpn" {
		return "rtl"
	}

	// 3. Genre heuristic: webtoons/manhwa → vertical
	tags := strings.ToLower(comicInfo.Tags + " " + comicInfo.Genre)
	if strings.Contains(tags, "webtoon") || strings.Contains(tags, "manhwa") {
		return "vertical" // Korean/Chinese webcomics
	}
	if strings.Contains(tags, "manga") {
		return "rtl" // Japanese manga
	}

	// 4. Default: LTR (Western comics)
	return "ltr"
}

// normalizeAgeRating normalizes age rating from ComicInfo.xml to standard values
func normalizeAgeRating(rating string) string {
	rating = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(rating))
	switch rating {
	case "everyone", "e", "all ages":
		return "Everyone"
	case "teen", "t", "13+", "13+up":
		return "Teen"
	case "mature", "m", "17+", "17+up", "adults only":
		return "Mature"
	case "adult", "a", "18+":
		return "Adult"
	default:
		return rating // Return original if unknown
	}
}

// processGenresAndTags ensures ALL genres appear in the tags array without duplication
// This applies to ALL formats: EPUB, ComicInfo.xml, PDF metadata
// Strategy: Use existing `genre` column for primary genre, `tags` array for all genres
func processGenresAndTags(metadata *MediaMetadata, genreTags []string) {
	if metadata.Tags == nil {
		metadata.Tags = []string{}
	}

	// 1. Set primary genre (first genre tag wins if not already set)
	if metadata.Genre == "" && len(genreTags) > 0 {
		metadata.Genre = genreTags[0]
	}

	// 2. Ensure ALL genre tags appear in tags array (without duplication)
	for _, genreTag := range genreTags {
		genreTag = strings.TrimSpace(genreTag)
		if genreTag != "" && !containsTag(metadata.Tags, genreTag) {
			metadata.Tags = append(metadata.Tags, genreTag)
		}
	}
}

// extractGenreTagsFromEPUB extracts all <dc:subject> values from EPUB
// Returns array of genre tags
func extractGenreTagsFromEPUB(book *epub.Book) []string {
	var genreTags []string

	// EPUB stores genres in <dc:subject> metadata
	if subjects, err := book.MetadataByKey("subject"); err == nil && len(subjects) > 0 {
		for _, subject := range subjects {
			subject = strings.TrimSpace(subject)
			if subject != "" {
				genreTags = append(genreTags, subject)
			}
		}
	}

	return genreTags
}

// extractGenreTagsFromComicInfo extracts genres from ComicInfo.xml
// Genre field + Tags field + Characters + Teams + Locations
// Returns array of genre tags
func extractGenreTagsFromComicInfo(comicInfo *ComicInfo) []string {
	var genreTags []string

	// 1. Add Genre field
	if comicInfo.Genre != "" {
		genreTags = append(genreTags, strings.Split(comicInfo.Genre, ",")...)
	}

	// 2. Add Tags field (comma-separated)
	if comicInfo.Tags != "" {
		genreTags = append(genreTags, strings.Split(comicInfo.Tags, ",")...)
	}

	// 3. Add Characters (comma-separated)
	if comicInfo.Characters != "" {
		genreTags = append(genreTags, strings.Split(comicInfo.Characters, ",")...)
	}

	// 4. Add Teams (comma-separated)
	if comicInfo.Teams != "" {
		genreTags = append(genreTags, strings.Split(comicInfo.Teams, ",")...)
	}

	// 5. Add Locations (comma-separated)
	if comicInfo.Locations != "" {
		genreTags = append(genreTags, strings.Split(comicInfo.Locations, ",")...)
	}

	// Trim whitespace from all tags
	for i := range genreTags {
		genreTags[i] = strings.TrimSpace(genreTags[i])
	}

	return genreTags
}

func (s *MediaScanner) extractMetadata(path string) (*MediaMetadata, error) {
	// Try Calibre sidecar first
	calibreMetadata := s.extractCalibreSidecar(path)
	if calibreMetadata != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Using Calibre metadata.opf for %s\n", path)

		// Try to find cover image for sidecar metadata
		coverPath := findSidecarCover(path)
		if coverPath != "" {
			calibreMetadata.CoverPath = s.getRelativePath(coverPath)
		}

		return s.mergeMetadata(path, calibreMetadata)
	}

	// EXISTING: Fallback to embedded metadata
	ext := strings.ToLower(filepath.Ext(path))

	switch ext {
	case ".epub", ".kepub":
		metadata := &MediaMetadata{}
		result, err := s.extractEPUBMetadata(path)
		if err == nil {
			return result, nil
		}
		if result != nil {
			metadata = result
		}
		// Enhanced format detection for EPUBs
		isFixedLayout, detectErr := s.DetectFixedLayoutEPUB(path)
		if detectErr == nil && isFixedLayout {
			metadata.FileFormats = []*FormatInfo{{
				FormatType: "fixed_layout",
				FilePath:   path,
				MimeType:   s.getMimeType(path),
			}}
			if pageCount, imgErr := countArchiveImages(path); imgErr == nil && pageCount > 0 {
				metadata.PageCount = int32(pageCount)
			}
		}
		// Try to extract embedded cover
		coverPath, err := s.extractEPUBCover(path)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to extract EPUB cover from %s: %v\n", path, err)
		} else if coverPath != "" {
			metadata.CoverPath = s.getRelativePath(coverPath)
		}
		// If no embedded cover, try sidecar
		if metadata.CoverPath == "" {
			sidecarCover := findSidecarCover(path)
			if sidecarCover != "" {
				metadata.CoverPath = s.getRelativePath(sidecarCover)
			}
		}
		return metadata, nil
	case ".pdf":
		return s.extractPDFMetadata(path)
	case ".cbz", ".cbr", ".cb7", ".cbt":
		metadata, err := s.mergeMetadata(path, nil)
		if err != nil {
			return &MediaMetadata{
				Title: strings.TrimSuffix(filepath.Base(path), ext),
			}, nil
		}
		if metadata.Title == "" {
			metadata.Title = strings.TrimSuffix(filepath.Base(path), ext)
		}
		// If no cover from archive, try sidecar
		if metadata.CoverPath == "" {
			sidecarCover := findSidecarCover(path)
			if sidecarCover != "" {
				metadata.CoverPath = s.getRelativePath(sidecarCover)
			}
		}
		return metadata, nil
	default:
		// For other formats, return basic metadata
		return &MediaMetadata{
			Title: strings.TrimSuffix(filepath.Base(path), ext),
		}, nil
	}
}

func (s *MediaScanner) extractEPUBMetadata(path string) (*MediaMetadata, error) {
	book, err := epub.ReadBook(path)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open EPUB: %v", err)
	}

	metadata := &MediaMetadata{}

	// Title
	if title, err := book.Title(); err == nil && title != "" {
		metadata.Title = title
	}

	// Author
	if authors, err := book.MetadataByKey("creator"); err == nil && len(authors) > 0 {
		metadata.Author = authors[0]
	}

	// Description
	if descriptions, err := book.MetadataByKey("description"); err == nil && len(descriptions) > 0 {
		metadata.Description = descriptions[0]
	}

	// Publisher
	if publishers, err := book.MetadataByKey("publisher"); err == nil && len(publishers) > 0 {
		metadata.Publisher = publishers[0]
	}

	// Series and series number (Calibre specific metadata)
	if series, err := book.MetadataByKey("calibre:series"); err == nil && len(series) > 0 {
		metadata.Series = series[0]
	}
	if seriesIndex, err := book.MetadataByKey("calibre:series_index"); err == nil && len(seriesIndex) > 0 {
		if index, err := strconv.ParseFloat(seriesIndex[0], 32); err == nil {
			metadata.SeriesNumber = int32(index)
		}
	}

	// Publish date
	if dates, err := book.MetadataByKey("date"); err == nil && len(dates) > 0 {
		if date, err := time.Parse("2006-01-02", dates[0]); err == nil {
			metadata.PublishDate = date
		} else {
			// Try alternative date formats
			if date, err := time.Parse("2006", dates[0]); err == nil {
				metadata.PublishDate = date
			}
		}
	}

	// Contributors
	if contributors, err := book.MetadataByKey("contributor"); err == nil && len(contributors) > 0 {
		// Normalize contributors for display
		metadata.Contributors = utils.NormalizeContributors(contributors)
	}

	// ISBN
	if isbns, err := book.MetadataByKey("identifier"); err == nil && len(isbns) > 0 {
		for _, isbn := range isbns {
			if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(isbn), "isbn") {
				// Extract ISBN number from identifier like "isbn:978-3-16-148410-0"
				isbnParts := strings.SplitN(isbn, ":", 2)
				if len(isbnParts) == 2 {
					metadata.ISBN = isbnParts[1]
					break
				}
			}
			if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(isbn), "asin") {
				// Extract ASIN from identifier like "asin:B08XXXXX"
				asinParts := strings.SplitN(isbn, ":", 2)
				if len(asinParts) == 2 {
					metadata.ASIN = asinParts[1]
				}
			}
		}
	}

	// Tags
	if tags, err := book.MetadataByKey("subject"); err == nil && len(tags) > 0 {
		// Normalize tags for display
		metadata.Tags = utils.NormalizeTags(tags)
	}

	return metadata, nil
}

// DetectFixedLayoutEPUB checks if EPUB has fixed-layout (manga) characteristics
// by examining the OPF file for rendition metadata and content indicators
func (s *MediaScanner) DetectFixedLayoutEPUB(epubPath string) (bool, error) {
	// Open EPUB ZIP file
	r, err := zip.OpenReader(epubPath)
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to open EPUB: %w", err)
	}
	defer func() {
		if err := r.Close(); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close EPUB file %s: %v\n", epubPath, err)
		}
	}()

	// Find and read OPF file
	var opfFile *zip.File
	for _, f := range r.File {
		if strings.HasSuffix(f.Name, ".opf") {
			opfFile = f
			break
		}
		// Also check in META-INF directory
		if strings.Contains(f.Name, "META-INF/") && strings.HasSuffix(f.Name, ".opf") {
			opfFile = f
			break
		}
	}

	if opfFile == nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("OPF file not found in EPUB")
	}

	// Read OPF content
	rc, err := opfFile.Open()
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to open OPF: %w", err)
	}
	defer func() {
		if err := rc.Close(); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close OPF file reader from %s: %v\n", epubPath, err)
		}
	}()

	opfContent, err := io.ReadAll(rc)
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to read OPF: %w", err)
	}

	// Check for fixed-layout indicators
	opfString := string(opfContent)

	// Check 1: rendition:layout = pre-paginated (EPUB 3 fixed layout)
	if strings.Contains(opfString, `rendition:layout">pre-paginated<`) ||
		strings.Contains(opfString, `rendition:layout="pre-paginated"`) {
		return true, nil
	}

	// Check 2: RTL page progression (manga indicator)
	if strings.Contains(opfString, `page-progression-direction="rtl"`) {
		return true, nil
	}

	// Check 3: Image-heavy content (count <img> tags)
	// Threshold of 50 images suggests manga/comic vs novel
	imgCount := strings.Count(opfString, `<img`)
	if imgCount > 50 {
		return true, nil
	}

	// Check 4: Manga subject tag
	lowerOPF := strings.ToLower(opfString)
	if strings.Contains(lowerOPF, `<dc:subject`) &&
		(strings.Contains(lowerOPF, `manga`) ||
			strings.Contains(lowerOPF, `comic`)) {
		return true, nil
	}

	return false, nil
}

// ValidateMediaItemForLibrary checks if item matches library type expectations
// and returns issue description if validation fails, nil if valid
func (s *MediaScanner) ValidateMediaItemForLibrary(
	ctx context.Context,
	mediaItem database.MediaItems,
	library database.GetLibraryWithTypeRow,
) *string {
	// Get library type from the joined query result
	libraryTypeName := library.TypeName

	// Manga library validation
	if libraryTypeName == "manga" {
		// Must be fixed-layout or comic archive
		if mediaItem.FormatGroup != "fixed_layout" &&
			mediaItem.FormatGroup != "comic_archive" {
			str := fmt.Sprintf(
				"EPUB file '%s' is reflowable (text-based), not fixed-layout (image-based). "+
					"Manga library only accepts fixed-layout EPUBs, CBZ, CBR, or image files. "+
					"Consider moving this file to an ebooks library.",
				mediaItem.Title,
			)
			return &str
		}

		// Set manga-specific flags for fixed-layout EPUBs
		if mediaItem.FormatGroup == "fixed_layout" {
			// Default manga type if not set
			if !mediaItem.MangaType.Valid ||
				mediaItem.MangaType.String == "unknown" ||
				mediaItem.MangaType.String == "" {
				mediaItem.MangaType = pgtype.Text{String: "yes", Valid: true}
			}
			// Default reading direction for manga
			if !mediaItem.ReadingDirection.Valid ||
				mediaItem.ReadingDirection.String == "auto" ||
				mediaItem.ReadingDirection.String == "" {
				mediaItem.ReadingDirection = pgtype.Text{String: "rtl", Valid: true}
			}
		}
	}

	// Comics library validation
	if libraryTypeName == "comics" {
		// Accept comic archives and fixed-layout
		if mediaItem.FormatGroup != "comic_archive" &&
			mediaItem.FormatGroup != "fixed_layout" {
			str := fmt.Sprintf(
				"File '%s' is not a comic archive format. "+
					"Comics library only accepts CBZ, CBR, CB7, CBT, PDF, or fixed-layout EPUBs.",
				mediaItem.Title,
			)
			return &str
		}
	}

	// Ebooks library validation
	if libraryTypeName == "ebooks" {
		// Flag manga for potential reorganization (info level)
		if mediaItem.FormatGroup == "fixed_layout" &&
			(!mediaItem.MangaType.Valid || mediaItem.MangaType.String == "yes" || mediaItem.MangaType.String == "yes_and_right_to_left") {
			str := fmt.Sprintf(
				"File '%s' appears to be manga (fixed-layout with images). "+
					"Consider moving to a manga or comics library for better organization.",
				mediaItem.Title,
			)
			return &str
		}
	}

	return nil // No issues
}

// LogProcessingIssue records items that can't be processed properly
func (s *MediaScanner) LogProcessingIssue(
	ctx context.Context,
	mediaItemID uuid.UUID,
	libraryID uuid.UUID,
	issueType string,
	description string,
	severity string,
) error {
	_, err := s.db.CreateProcessingIssue(ctx, database.CreateProcessingIssueParams{
		MediaItemID:      pgtype.UUID{Bytes: mediaItemID, Valid: true},
		LibraryID:        pgtype.UUID{Bytes: libraryID, Valid: true},
		IssueType:        issueType,
		IssueDescription: description,
		Severity:         severity,
	})
	return err
}

// parseCalibreMetadataOPF parses a Calibre metadata.opf file and extracts metadata
func (s *MediaScanner) parseCalibreMetadataOPF(opfPath string) (*MediaMetadata, error) {
	// Open file
	file, err := os.Open(opfPath)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open metadata.opf: %v", err)
	}
	defer func() {
		if err := file.Close(); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close metadata.opf: %v\n", err)
		}
	}()
	// Define XML structure for parsing with full Dublin Core namespace URLs
	var opf struct {
		XMLName  xml.Name `xml:"package"`
		Metadata struct {
			XMLName     xml.Name `xml:"metadata"`
			Titles      []string `xml:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ title"`
			Creators    []string `xml:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ creator"`
			Subjects    []string `xml:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ subject"`
			Desc        []string `xml:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ description"`
			Publisher   []string `xml:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ publisher"`
			Dates       []string `xml:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ date"`
			Language    []string `xml:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ language"`
			Identifiers []struct {
				Scheme string `xml:"http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf scheme,attr"`
				Value  string `xml:",chardata"`
			} `xml:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ identifier"`
			Contributors []string `xml:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ contributor"`
			// Calibre-specific meta tags - capture all, filter later
			MetaTags []struct {
				Name  string `xml:"name,attr"`
				Value string `xml:"content,attr"`
			} `xml:"meta"`
		} `xml:"metadata"`
	}
	// Parse XML
	if err := xml.NewDecoder(file).Decode(&opf); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse metadata.opf XML: %v", err)
	}
	// Map to MediaMetadata struct
	metadata := &MediaMetadata{}
	// Title (required)
	if len(opf.Metadata.Titles) > 0 {
		metadata.Title = opf.Metadata.Titles[0]
	}
	// Author (first creator)
	if len(opf.Metadata.Creators) > 0 {
		metadata.Author = opf.Metadata.Creators[0]
	}
	// Tags (all subjects)
	if len(opf.Metadata.Subjects) > 0 {
		metadata.Tags = utils.NormalizeTags(opf.Metadata.Subjects)
	}
	// Description
	if len(opf.Metadata.Desc) > 0 {
		metadata.Description = opf.Metadata.Desc[0]
	}
	// Publisher
	if len(opf.Metadata.Publisher) > 0 {
		metadata.Publisher = opf.Metadata.Publisher[0]
	}
	// Publish date
	if len(opf.Metadata.Dates) > 0 {
		if date, err := time.Parse("2006-01-02T15:04:05Z07:00", opf.Metadata.Dates[0]); err == nil {
			metadata.PublishDate = date
		} else if date, err := time.Parse("2006-01-02", opf.Metadata.Dates[0]); err == nil {
			metadata.PublishDate = date
		} else {
			// Try alternative date formats
			if date, err := time.Parse("2006", opf.Metadata.Dates[0]); err == nil {
				metadata.PublishDate = date
			}
		}
	}
	// Identifiers (ISBN, ASIN)
	for _, id := range opf.Metadata.Identifiers {
		switch strings.ToUpper(id.Scheme) {
		case "ISBN":
			metadata.ISBN = utils.NormalizeISBNSafe(id.Value)
		case "ASIN":
			metadata.ASIN = id.Value
		case "UUID", "CALIBRE":
			// Store UUID in hash info, not metadata
			// Will be extracted by extractHashInfo()
		}
	}
	// Contributors
	if len(opf.Metadata.Contributors) > 0 {
		metadata.Contributors = utils.NormalizeContributors(opf.Metadata.Contributors)
	}
	// Calibre-specific meta tags (filter by name attribute)
	for _, meta := range opf.Metadata.MetaTags {
		switch meta.Name {
		case "calibre:series":
			metadata.Series = meta.Value
		case "calibre:series_index":
			if index, err := strconv.ParseFloat(meta.Value, 32); err == nil {
				metadata.SeriesNumber = int32(index)
			}
		case "calibre:rating":
			// Not imported (ratings are per-user in Bookhoard)
		case "calibre:title_sort":
			// Not imported (Bookhoard has its own sorting logic)
		case "calibre:timestamp":
			// Could be used for created_at, but skipping for now
		}
	}
	return metadata, nil
}

// extractEPUBCover extracts the cover image from an EPUB file.
// It looks for:
// 1. An item with properties="cover-image" in the manifest
// 2. A meta tag with name="cover" pointing to an image
// 3. Common cover image paths like cover.jpg, cover.jpeg, cover.png
// Returns the path to the saved cover image, or empty string if no cover found.
func (s *MediaScanner) extractEPUBCover(epubPath string) (string, error) {
	// Open the EPUB as a zip file to extract images
	r, err := zip.OpenReader(epubPath)
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to open EPUB as zip: %v", err)
	}
	defer func() {
		if err := r.Close(); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close EPUB zip reader for %s: %v\n", epubPath, err)
		}
	}()

	// Try to find cover image from OPF metadata
	coverImageName := ""

	// Attempt to read the OPF file to find cover reference
	// First, find container.xml to locate the OPF
	var opfPath string
	for _, f := range r.File {
		if f.Name == "META-INF/container.xml" {
			rc, err := f.Open()
			if err != nil {
				continue
			}
			content, readErr := io.ReadAll(rc)
			if closeErr := rc.Close(); closeErr != nil {
				fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close META-INF/container.xml reader in %s: %v\n", epubPath, closeErr)
			}
			if readErr != nil {
				continue
			}
			// Parse container.xml to find OPF path
			// Simple string search since we just need the path
			opfStart := bytes.Index(content, []byte("<rootfile "))
			if opfStart == -1 {
				continue
			}
			opfStartAttr := bytes.Index(content[opfStart:], []byte("full-path="))
			if opfStartAttr == -1 {
				continue
			}
			opfStartAttr += len("full-path=")
			quote := content[opfStart+opfStartAttr]
			opfStartQuote := opfStart + opfStartAttr + 1
			opfEndQuote := bytes.Index(content[opfStartQuote:], []byte{quote})
			if opfEndQuote == -1 {
				continue
			}
			opfPath = string(content[opfStartQuote : opfStartQuote+opfEndQuote])
			break
		}
	}

	if opfPath == "" {
		// No OPF found, try common cover image paths
		coverImageName = findCoverImageInZip(r.File)
	} else {
		// Read OPF to find cover reference
		opfContent, err := readFileFromZip(r.File, opfPath)
		if err != nil {
			// Fall back to common paths
			coverImageName = findCoverImageInZip(r.File)
		} else {
			coverImageName = findCoverInOPF(opfContent, r.File, opfPath)
		}
	}

	if coverImageName == "" {
		return "", nil // No cover found
	}

	// Extract the cover image
	coverImage, err := extractImageFromZip(r.File, coverImageName, opfPath)
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to extract cover image: %v", err)
	}
	if len(coverImage) == 0 {
		return "", nil
	}

	// Save cover to disk (same pattern as comics: {book_path}.cover.jpg)
	coverPath := epubPath + ".cover.jpg"
	if err := os.WriteFile(coverPath, coverImage, 0644); err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to write cover file: %v", err)
	}

	return coverPath, nil
}

// findCoverImageInZip searches for common cover image filenames in the zip
func findCoverImageInZip(files []*zip.File) string {
	coverNames := []string{"cover.jpg", "cover.jpeg", "cover.png", "cover.webp",
		"Cover.jpg", "Cover.jpeg", "Cover.png", "Cover.webp",
		"images/cover.jpg", "Images/cover.jpg", "OEBPS/images/cover.jpg"}

	for _, name := range coverNames {
		for _, f := range files {
			if strings.EqualFold(f.Name, name) {
				return f.Name
			}
		}
	}
	return ""
}

// findCoverInOPF parses OPF content to find cover image reference
func findCoverInOPF(opfContent []byte, files []*zip.File, opfDir string) string {
	contentStr := string(opfContent)

	// Look for item with properties="cover-image"
	coverImageRE := regexp.MustCompile(`<item[^>]*properties="[^"]*cover-image[^"]*"[^>]*id="([^"]+)"`)
	matches := coverImageRE.FindStringSubmatch(contentStr)
	if len(matches) > 1 {
		coverID := matches[1]
		// Find the href for this ID
		hrefRE := regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(`<item[^>]*id="%s"[^>]*href="([^"]+)"`, coverID))
		hrefMatches := hrefRE.FindStringSubmatch(contentStr)
		if len(hrefMatches) > 1 {
			return resolveOPFPath(opfDir, hrefMatches[1])
		}
	}

	// Look for meta name="cover"
	metaCoverRE := regexp.MustCompile(`<meta[^>]*name="cover"[^>]*content="([^"]+)"`)
	metaMatches := metaCoverRE.FindStringSubmatch(contentStr)
	if len(metaMatches) > 1 {
		coverContent := metaMatches[1]
		// Could be "image-id" format
		if coverID, found := strings.CutPrefix(coverContent, "image-"); found {
			hrefRE := regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(`<item[^>]*id="%s"[^>]*href="([^"]+)"`, coverID))
			hrefMatches := hrefRE.FindStringSubmatch(contentStr)
			if len(hrefMatches) > 1 {
				return resolveOPFPath(opfDir, hrefMatches[1])
			}
		}
	}

	// Fall back to searching common paths
	return findCoverImageInZip(files)
}

// resolveOPFPath resolves a relative path against the OPF directory
func resolveOPFPath(opfDir, href string) string {
	if opfDir == "" {
		return href
	}
	// Handle ../ in href
	if strings.HasPrefix(href, "../") {
		// Simple case: just use the href as-is for now
		return href
	}
	// Join the directory with the href
	return filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(opfDir), href)
}

// readFileFromZip reads a file from the zip by name
func readFileFromZip(files []*zip.File, name string) ([]byte, error) {
	// Normalize the name for comparison
	name = filepath.ToSlash(name)
	for _, f := range files {
		fName := filepath.ToSlash(f.Name)
		if fName == name {
			rc, err := f.Open()
			if err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
			defer func() {
				if err := rc.Close(); err != nil {
					fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close zip file reader for %s: %v\n", name, err)
				}
			}()
			return io.ReadAll(rc)
		}
	}
	return nil, fmt.Errorf("file not found: %s", name)
}

// extractImageFromZip extracts an image file and returns its contents
func extractImageFromZip(files []*zip.File, imagePath, opfDir string) ([]byte, error) {
	// Try direct match first
	for _, f := range files {
		if strings.EqualFold(f.Name, imagePath) {
			rc, err := f.Open()
			if err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
			defer func() {
				if err := rc.Close(); err != nil {
					fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close zip image reader for %s: %v\n", imagePath, err)
				}
			}()
			return io.ReadAll(rc)
		}
	}

	// Try resolved path
	resolvedPath := resolveOPFPath(opfDir, imagePath)
	for _, f := range files {
		if strings.EqualFold(f.Name, resolvedPath) {
			rc, err := f.Open()
			if err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
			defer func() {
				if err := rc.Close(); err != nil {
					fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close zip image reader for resolved path %s: %v\n", resolvedPath, err)
				}
			}()
			return io.ReadAll(rc)
		}
	}

	return nil, fmt.Errorf("image not found: %s", imagePath)
}

// findSidecarCover looks for cover images in the same directory as the media file.
// It checks for common cover filename patterns in priority order:
// 1. cover.jpg, cover.jpeg, cover.png, cover.webp
// 2. folder.jpg, folder.jpeg, folder.png, folder.webp
// 3. {basename}.jpg, {basename}.jpeg, etc. (same name as media file)
// 4. .folder.jpg (hidden file)
// Returns the full path to the cover file, or empty string if not found.
func findSidecarCover(mediaPath string) string {
	dir := filepath.Dir(mediaPath)
	baseName := strings.TrimSuffix(filepath.Base(mediaPath), filepath.Ext(mediaPath))

	// Priority order for cover filenames
	coverPatterns := []string{
		"cover.jpg",
		"cover.jpeg",
		"cover.png",
		"cover.webp",
		"folder.jpg",
		"folder.jpeg",
		"folder.png",
		"folder.webp",
		".folder.jpg",
		".folder.jpeg",
		".folder.png",
	}

	// First, check exact match cover/folder names
	for _, coverName := range coverPatterns {
		coverPath := filepath.Join(dir, coverName)
		if _, err := os.Stat(coverPath); err == nil {
			return coverPath
		}
	}

	// Second, check for {basename}.{ext} pattern
	extensions := []string{".jpg", ".jpeg", ".png", ".webp"}
	for _, ext := range extensions {
		coverPath := filepath.Join(dir, baseName+ext)
		if _, err := os.Stat(coverPath); err == nil {
			return coverPath
		}
		// Also check uppercase extension
		coverPathUpper := filepath.Join(dir, baseName+strings.ToUpper(ext))
		if _, err := os.Stat(coverPathUpper); err == nil {
			return coverPathUpper
		}
	}

	return ""
}

func (s *MediaScanner) extractPDFMetadata(path string) (*MediaMetadata, error) {
	metadata := &MediaMetadata{}

	// Open PDF file for reading metadata
	f, err := os.Open(path)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to open PDF file %s: %v\n", path, err)
		metadata.Title = strings.TrimSuffix(filepath.Base(path), ".pdf")
		return metadata, nil
	}
	defer func() {
		if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close PDF file %s: %v\n", path, err)
		}
	}()

	// Use pdfcpu API to read PDF metadata
	// Configuration: nil = default (lenient mode)
	pdfInfo, err := pdfcpuapi.PDFInfo(f, filepath.Base(path), nil, false, nil)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to read PDF info from %s: %v\n", path, err)
		// Fall back to filename as title
		metadata.Title = strings.TrimSuffix(filepath.Base(path), ".pdf")
		return metadata, nil
	}

	// Extract title
	if pdfInfo.Title != "" {
		metadata.Title = pdfInfo.Title
	} else {
		metadata.Title = strings.TrimSuffix(filepath.Base(path), ".pdf")
	}

	// Extract author
	if pdfInfo.Author != "" {
		metadata.Author = pdfInfo.Author
	}

	// Extract subject (use as description)
	if pdfInfo.Subject != "" {
		metadata.Description = pdfInfo.Subject
	}

	// Extract creator (use as author fallback)
	if pdfInfo.Creator != "" && metadata.Author == "" {
		metadata.Author = pdfInfo.Creator
	}

	// Extract producer (use as publisher)
	if pdfInfo.Producer != "" {
		metadata.Publisher = pdfInfo.Producer
	}

	metadata.PageCount = int32(pdfInfo.PageCount)

	// Try to extract cover image
	coverPath, err := s.extractPDFCover(path)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to extract PDF cover from %s: %v\n", path, err)
	} else if coverPath != "" {
		metadata.CoverPath = s.getRelativePath(coverPath)
	}

	// If no embedded cover, try sidecar
	if metadata.CoverPath == "" {
		sidecarCover := findSidecarCover(path)
		if sidecarCover != "" {
			metadata.CoverPath = s.getRelativePath(sidecarCover)
		}
	}

	return metadata, nil
}

// extractPDFCover extracts a cover image from a PDF file.
// It uses pdfcpu API to extract images from the first page.
// Returns the path to the saved cover, or empty string if no cover found.
func (s *MediaScanner) extractPDFCover(pdfPath string) (string, error) {
	// Create a temporary directory for extracted images
	tmpDir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "pdf-cover-")
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create temp dir: %v", err)
	}
	defer func() {
		if err := os.RemoveAll(tmpDir); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to remove temp directory %s: %v\n", tmpDir, err)
		}
	}()

	// Use pdfcpu API to extract images from first page
	// ExtractImagesFile(inFile, outDir string, selectedPages []string, conf *model.Configuration) error
	err = pdfcpuapi.ExtractImagesFile(pdfPath, tmpDir, []string{"1"}, nil)
	if err != nil {
		// No images found or extraction failed - this is OK, just return empty
		return "", nil
	}

	// Check for extracted images in the temp directory
	entries, err := os.ReadDir(tmpDir)
	if err != nil || len(entries) == 0 {
		return "", nil
	}

	// Find the largest image (likely the cover)
	var largestImage string
	var largestSize int64

	for _, entry := range entries {
		if entry.IsDir() {
			continue
		}
		info, err := entry.Info()
		if err != nil {
			continue
		}
		// Skip very small files (likely thumbnails or icons)
		if info.Size() < 1000 {
			continue
		}
		if info.Size() > largestSize {
			largestImage = filepath.Join(tmpDir, entry.Name())
			largestSize = info.Size()
		}
	}

	if largestImage == "" {
		return "", nil
	}

	// Read the image
	imageData, err := os.ReadFile(largestImage)
	if err != nil || len(imageData) == 0 {
		return "", nil
	}

	// Save cover to disk (same pattern as comics: {pdf_path}.cover.jpg)
	coverPath := pdfPath + ".cover.jpg"
	if err := os.WriteFile(coverPath, imageData, 0644); err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to write cover file: %v", err)
	}

	return coverPath, nil
}

// ComicInfo represents metadata from ComicInfo.xml
type ComicInfo struct {
	XMLName     xml.Name `xml:"ComicInfo"`
	Title       string   `xml:"Title"`
	Series      string   `xml:"Series"`
	Number      int      `xml:"Number"`
	Volume      int      `xml:"Volume"`
	Publisher   string   `xml:"Publisher"`
	Year        int      `xml:"Year"`
	Month       int      `xml:"Month"`
	Day         int      `xml:"Day"`
	Writer      string   `xml:"Writer"`
	Penciller   string   `xml:"Penciller"`
	Inker       string   `xml:"Inker"`
	Colorist    string   `xml:"Colorist"`
	Letterer    string   `xml:"Letterer"`
	CoverArtist string   `xml:"CoverArtist"`
	Genre       string   `xml:"Genre"`
	Tags        string   `xml:"Tags"`
	Web         string   `xml:"Web"`
	Notes       string   `xml:"Notes"`

	// NEW: Reading direction fields from ComicInfo.xml v2.0
	Manga       string `xml:"Manga"`       // Unknown, No, Yes, YesAndRightToLeft
	LanguageISO string `xml:"LanguageISO"` // ISO 639-1 language code for heuristics

	// NEW: Additional comic-specific fields (19 total fields from ComicInfo.xml)
	Count               int     `xml:"Count"` // Total issues in series
	AlternateSeries     string  `xml:"AlternateSeries"`
	AlternateNumber     int     `xml:"AlternateNumber"`
	AlternateCount      int     `xml:"AlternateCount"`
	Summary             string  `xml:"Summary"`
	Imprint             string  `xml:"Imprint"`
	StoryArc            string  `xml:"StoryArc"`
	SeriesGroup         string  `xml:"SeriesGroup"`
	AgeRating           string  `xml:"AgeRating"`
	CommunityRating     float64 `xml:"CommunityRating"`
	MainCharacterOrTeam string  `xml:"MainCharacterOrTeam"`
	Review              string  `xml:"Review"`
	BlackAndWhite       string  `xml:"BlackAndWhite"` // "Yes" or "No"
	ScanInformation     string  `xml:"ScanInformation"`
	Characters          string  `xml:"Characters"`
	Teams               string  `xml:"Teams"`
	Locations           string  `xml:"Locations"`
}

// extractComicMetadata extracts metadata from comic archive (supports .cbz, .cbr, .cb7, .cbt)
func extractComicMetadata(filePath string) (*ComicInfo, []byte, error) {
	ext := strings.ToLower(filepath.Ext(filePath))

	switch ext {
	case ".cbz":
		return extractZipMetadata(filePath)
	case ".cbr":
		return extractRarMetadata(filePath)
	case ".cb7":
		return extract7ZipMetadata(filePath)
	case ".cbt":
		return extractTarMetadata(filePath)
	default:
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported comic format: %s", ext)
	}
}

// archiveFile represents a file in an archive for uniform handling
type archiveFile interface {
	Name() string
	Open() (io.ReadCloser, error)
}

// extractMetadataFromArchive extracts ComicInfo.xml and cover image from any archive format
func extractMetadataFromArchive(files []archiveFile) (*ComicInfo, []byte, error) {
	var comicInfo *ComicInfo
	var coverImage []byte

	for _, f := range files {
		if f.Name() == "ComicInfo.xml" {
			rc, err := f.Open()
			if err != nil {
				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open ComicInfo.xml: %w", err)
			}

			data, err := io.ReadAll(rc)
			if closeErr := rc.Close(); closeErr != nil {
				fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close ComicInfo.xml reader: %v\n", closeErr)
			}
			if err != nil {
				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read ComicInfo.xml: %w", err)
			}

			comicInfo = &ComicInfo{}
			if err := xml.Unmarshal(data, comicInfo); err != nil {
				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse ComicInfo.xml: %w", err)
			}
		}

		if coverImage == nil && isImageFile(f.Name()) {
			if !strings.Contains(filepath.Dir(f.Name()), string(filepath.Separator)) ||
				filepath.Dir(f.Name()) == "." {
				rc, err := f.Open()
				if err != nil {
					continue
				}

				coverImage, err = io.ReadAll(rc)
				if closeErr := rc.Close(); closeErr != nil {
					fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close cover image reader for %s: %v\n", f.Name(), closeErr)
				}
				if err == nil {
					_, _, err = image.Decode(bytes.NewReader(coverImage))
					if err != nil {
						coverImage = nil
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if comicInfo == nil {
		comicInfo = &ComicInfo{}
	}

	return comicInfo, coverImage, nil
}

// extractZipMetadata extracts metadata from ZIP archives (.cbz)
func extractZipMetadata(filePath string) (*ComicInfo, []byte, error) {
	r, err := zip.OpenReader(filePath)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open ZIP archive: %w", err)
	}
	defer func() {
		if err := r.Close(); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close ZIP archive reader for %s: %v\n", filePath, err)
		}
	}()

	files := make([]archiveFile, 0, len(r.File))
	for _, f := range r.File {
		files = append(files, &zipFileAdapter{f})
	}

	comicInfo, coverImage, err := extractMetadataFromArchive(files)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	if comicInfo.Title == "" {
		basename := filepath.Base(filePath)
		comicInfo.Title = strings.TrimSuffix(basename, filepath.Ext(basename))
	}

	return comicInfo, coverImage, nil
}

// zipFileAdapter adapts zip.File to archiveFile interface
type zipFileAdapter struct {
	*zip.File
}

func (z *zipFileAdapter) Name() string {
	return z.File.Name
}

func (z *zipFileAdapter) Open() (io.ReadCloser, error) {
	return z.File.Open()
}

// extractRarMetadata extracts metadata from RAR archives (.cbr)
func extractRarMetadata(filePath string) (*ComicInfo, []byte, error) {
	r, err := rardecode.OpenReader(filePath, "")
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open RAR archive: %w", err)
	}
	defer func() {
		if err := r.Close(); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close RAR archive reader for %s: %v\n", filePath, err)
		}
	}()

	files := make([]archiveFile, 0, 100)
	for {
		header, err := r.Next()
		if err == io.EOF {
			break
		}
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read RAR entry: %w", err)
		}

		data, err := io.ReadAll(r)
		if err != nil {
			continue
		}
		files = append(files, &rarFileAdapter{
			name: header.Name,
			data: data,
		})
	}

	comicInfo, coverImage, err := extractMetadataFromArchive(files)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	if comicInfo.Title == "" {
		basename := filepath.Base(filePath)
		comicInfo.Title = strings.TrimSuffix(basename, filepath.Ext(basename))
	}

	return comicInfo, coverImage, nil
}

// rarFileAdapter stores RAR file data in memory
type rarFileAdapter struct {
	name string
	data []byte
}

func (r *rarFileAdapter) Name() string {
	return r.name
}

func (r *rarFileAdapter) Open() (io.ReadCloser, error) {
	return io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(r.data)), nil
}

// extract7ZipMetadata extracts metadata from 7-Zip archives (.cb7)
func extract7ZipMetadata(filePath string) (*ComicInfo, []byte, error) {
	r, err := sevenzip.OpenReader(filePath)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open 7-Zip archive: %w", err)
	}
	defer func() {
		if err := r.Close(); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close 7-Zip archive reader for %s: %v\n", filePath, err)
		}
	}()

	files := make([]archiveFile, 0, len(r.File))
	for _, f := range r.File {
		files = append(files, &sevenZipFileAdapter{file: f})
	}

	comicInfo, coverImage, err := extractMetadataFromArchive(files)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	if comicInfo.Title == "" {
		basename := filepath.Base(filePath)
		comicInfo.Title = strings.TrimSuffix(basename, filepath.Ext(basename))
	}

	return comicInfo, coverImage, nil
}

// sevenZipFileAdapter adapts sevenzip.File to archiveFile interface
type sevenZipFileAdapter struct {
	file *sevenzip.File
}

func (s *sevenZipFileAdapter) Name() string {
	return s.file.Name
}

func (s *sevenZipFileAdapter) Open() (io.ReadCloser, error) {
	return s.file.Open()
}

// extractTarMetadata extracts metadata from TAR archives (.cbt)
func extractTarMetadata(filePath string) (*ComicInfo, []byte, error) {
	f, err := os.Open(filePath)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open TAR archive: %w", err)
	}
	defer func() {
		if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close TAR archive file %s: %v\n", filePath, err)
		}
	}()

	var tarReader *tar.Reader
	if strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(filePath), ".tar.gz") ||
		strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(filePath), ".tgz") {
		gzReader, err := gzip.NewReader(f)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create gzip reader: %w", err)
		}
		defer func() {
			if err := gzReader.Close(); err != nil {
				fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close gzip reader for %s: %v\n", filePath, err)
			}
		}()
		tarReader = tar.NewReader(gzReader)
	} else if strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(filePath), ".tar.bz2") ||
		strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(filePath), ".tbz2") {
		bz2Reader := bzip2.NewReader(f)
		tarReader = tar.NewReader(bz2Reader)
	} else {
		tarReader = tar.NewReader(f)
	}

	files := make([]archiveFile, 0, 100)
	for {
		header, err := tarReader.Next()
		if err == io.EOF {
			break
		}
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read TAR entry: %w", err)
		}

		if header.Typeflag == tar.TypeReg {
			data, err := io.ReadAll(tarReader)
			if err != nil {
				continue
			}
			files = append(files, &tarFileAdapter{
				name: header.Name,
				data: data,
			})
		}
	}

	comicInfo, coverImage, err := extractMetadataFromArchive(files)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	if comicInfo.Title == "" {
		basename := filepath.Base(filePath)
		comicInfo.Title = strings.TrimSuffix(basename, filepath.Ext(basename))
	}

	return comicInfo, coverImage, nil
}

// tarFileAdapter stores TAR file data in memory
type tarFileAdapter struct {
	name string
	data []byte
}

func (t *tarFileAdapter) Name() string {
	return t.name
}

func (t *tarFileAdapter) Open() (io.ReadCloser, error) {
	return io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(t.data)), nil
}

// isImageFile checks if a file is an image based on extension
func isImageFile(filename string) bool {
	ext := strings.ToLower(filepath.Ext(filename))
	switch ext {
	case ".jpg", ".jpeg", ".png", ".gif", ".webp", ".bmp", ".avif", ".tiff", ".tif":
		return true
	}
	return false
}

// countArchiveImages counts image files in a comic archive
func countArchiveImages(filePath string) (int, error) {
	ext := strings.ToLower(filepath.Ext(filePath))
	count := 0

	switch ext {
	case ".cbz", ".epub":
		r, err := zip.OpenReader(filePath)
		if err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}
		defer r.Close()
		for _, f := range r.File {
			if !f.FileInfo().IsDir() && isImageFile(f.Name) {
				count++
			}
		}
	case ".cbr":
		r, err := rardecode.OpenReader(filePath, "")
		if err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}
		defer r.Close()
		for {
			header, err := r.Next()
			if err == io.EOF {
				break
			}
			if err != nil {
				break
			}
			if !header.IsDir && isImageFile(header.Name) {
				count++
			}
		}
	case ".cb7":
		sz, err := sevenzip.OpenReader(filePath)
		if err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}
		defer sz.Close()
		for _, f := range sz.File {
			if !f.FileInfo().IsDir() && isImageFile(f.Name) {
				count++
			}
		}
	case ".cbt":
		f, err := os.Open(filePath)
		if err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}
		defer f.Close()
		tr := tar.NewReader(f)
		for {
			header, err := tr.Next()
			if err == io.EOF {
				break
			}
			if err != nil {
				break
			}
			if !header.FileInfo().IsDir() && isImageFile(header.Name) {
				count++
			}
		}
	}

	return count, nil
}

func (s *MediaScanner) updateMediaItem(ctx context.Context, mediaItemID pgtype.UUID, path string, _ os.FileInfo) error {
	// Re-extract metadata for the update
	metadata, err := s.extractMetadata(path)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to extract metadata for force rescan %s: %v\n", path, err)
		metadata = &MediaMetadata{}
	}

	// Normalize metadata fields
	metadata.Contributors = utils.NormalizeContributors(metadata.Contributors)
	metadata.Tags = utils.NormalizeTags(metadata.Tags)
	contributorsSearch := utils.NormalizeContributorsSearch(metadata.Contributors)
	tagsSearch := utils.NormalizeTagsSearch(metadata.Tags)

	// Call the database update - only update fields available in MediaMetadata
	var alternateInfoBytes []byte
	if metadata.AlternateInfo != "" {
		alternateInfoBytes = []byte(metadata.AlternateInfo)
	}
	_, err = s.db.UpdateMediaItem(ctx, database.UpdateMediaItemParams{
		ID:                 mediaItemID,
		Title:              metadata.Title,
		Author:             pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Author, Valid: metadata.Author != ""},
		Isbn:               pgtype.Text{String: utils.NormalizeISBNSafe(metadata.ISBN), Valid: metadata.ISBN != ""},
		Description:        pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Description, Valid: metadata.Description != ""},
		CoverImagePath:     pgtype.Text{String: s.getRelativePath(metadata.CoverPath), Valid: metadata.CoverPath != ""},
		Series:             pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Series, Valid: metadata.Series != ""},
		SeriesNumber:       pgtype.Int4{Int32: metadata.SeriesNumber, Valid: metadata.SeriesNumber > 0},
		Tags:               metadata.Tags,
		TagsSearch:         tagsSearch,
		Asin:               pgtype.Text{String: metadata.ASIN, Valid: metadata.ASIN != ""},
		DatePublished:      pgtype.Date{Time: metadata.PublishDate, Valid: !metadata.PublishDate.IsZero()},
		Publisher:          pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Publisher, Valid: metadata.Publisher != ""},
		Contributors:       metadata.Contributors,
		ContributorsSearch: contributorsSearch,
		Language:           pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Language, Valid: metadata.Language != ""},
		Genre:              pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Genre, Valid: metadata.Genre != ""},
		PageCount:          pgtype.Int4{Int32: metadata.PageCount, Valid: metadata.PageCount > 0},
		MangaType:          pgtype.Text{String: metadata.MangaType, Valid: metadata.MangaType != ""},
		ReadingDirection:   pgtype.Text{String: metadata.ReadingDirection, Valid: metadata.ReadingDirection != ""},
		SeriesCount:        pgtype.Int4{Int32: metadata.SeriesCount, Valid: metadata.SeriesCount > 0},
		Volume:             pgtype.Int4{Int32: metadata.Volume, Valid: metadata.Volume > 0},
		Imprint:            pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Imprint, Valid: metadata.Imprint != ""},
		AgeRating:          pgtype.Text{String: metadata.AgeRating, Valid: metadata.AgeRating != ""},
		WebUrl:             pgtype.Text{String: metadata.WebURL, Valid: metadata.WebURL != ""},
		MetadataNotes:      pgtype.Text{String: metadata.MetadataNotes, Valid: metadata.MetadataNotes != ""},
		CommunityRating:    pgtype.Float8{Float64: metadata.CommunityRating, Valid: metadata.CommunityRating > 0},
		StoryArc:           pgtype.Text{String: metadata.StoryArc, Valid: metadata.StoryArc != ""},
		IsBlackAndWhite:    pgtype.Bool{Bool: metadata.IsBlackAndWhite, Valid: metadata.IsBlackAndWhite},
		AlternateInfo:      alternateInfoBytes,
		ScanInformation:    pgtype.Text{String: metadata.ScanInformation, Valid: metadata.ScanInformation != ""},
		Summary:            pgtype.Text{String: metadata.Summary, Valid: metadata.Summary != ""},
	})
	return err
}

func (s *MediaScanner) getMediaItemByFilePath(ctx context.Context, filePath string, libraryID pgtype.UUID) (database.MediaItems, error) {
	return s.db.GetMediaItemByFilePath(ctx, database.GetMediaItemByFilePathParams{
		FilePath:  s.getRelativePath(filePath),
		LibraryID: libraryID,
	})
}

func (s *MediaScanner) getMimeType(path string) string {
	ext := strings.ToLower(filepath.Ext(path))
	if mime, ok := MimeTypes[ext]; ok {
		return mime
	}
	return "application/octet-stream"
}

func (s *MediaScanner) WatchChanges(ctx context.Context) error {
	if !s.watching.CompareAndSwap(false, true) {
		return fmt.Errorf("already watching")
	}

	go func() {
		<-ctx.Done()
		s.watching.Store(false)
	}()

	go s.performInitialScan(ctx)

	go s.processDirtyDirectories(ctx)

	go s.startBackupScan(ctx)

	go func() {
		// The event loop only runs if a real watcher was set up (watch=true).
		// If watching with no watcher (e.g. inotify unavailable through a Docker
		// bind mount), polling via startBackupScan above still handles detection.
		if s.watcher == nil {
			fmt.Printf("[WATCHER] No inotify watcher configured; relying on periodic polling for change detection\n")
			return
		}
		fmt.Printf("[WATCHER] Event loop started for %d folders\n", len(s.folders))
		for {
			select {
			case event, ok := <-s.watcher.Events:
				if !ok {
					fmt.Printf("[WATCHER] Event channel closed\n")
					return
				}

				if event.Has(fsnotify.Create) {
					if info, err := os.Stat(event.Name); err == nil && info.IsDir() {
						if err := s.watcher.Add(event.Name); err != nil {
							fmt.Printf("[WATCHER] Warning: failed to watch new directory %s: %v\n", event.Name, err)
						} else {
							fmt.Printf("[WATCHER] Now watching new directory: %s\n", event.Name)
						}
					}
				}

				if event.Has(fsnotify.Create | fsnotify.Write | fsnotify.Remove | fsnotify.Rename) {
					fmt.Printf("[WATCHER] Event: %s on %s\n", event.Op, event.Name)
					s.markDirectoryDirty(filepath.Dir(event.Name))
				}

			case err, ok := <-s.watcher.Errors:
				if !ok {
					fmt.Printf("[WATCHER] Error channel closed\n")
					return
				}
				fmt.Printf("[WATCHER] Error: %v\n", err)

			case <-ctx.Done():
				fmt.Printf("[WATCHER] Event loop stopped\n")
				return
			}
		}
	}()
	return nil
}

func (s *MediaScanner) markDirectoryDirty(dirPath string) {
	s.dirtyDirsMu.Lock()
	defer s.dirtyDirsMu.Unlock()

	// Only mark if within watched folders
	var isWatched bool
	for _, folder := range s.folders {
		if strings.HasPrefix(dirPath, folder) {
			isWatched = true
			break
		}
	}
	if !isWatched {
		return
	}

	// Smart event merging (Jellyfin approach):
	// 1. If parent dir exists, replace with parent (consolidate)
	// 2. If sibling dirs exist, replace with common parent
	// 3. Otherwise, add this dir

	// Check if parent directory is already dirty
	parentDir := filepath.Dir(dirPath)
	if parentDir != dirPath { // Not at root
		if _, parentExists := s.dirtyDirs[parentDir]; parentExists {
			// Parent already being watched, reset its timestamp
			s.dirtyDirs[parentDir] = time.Now()
			return
		}
	}

	// Check if any subdirectories are dirty, replace with parent
	for existingDir := range s.dirtyDirs {
		if strings.HasPrefix(existingDir, dirPath+"/") {
			// This is a subdirectory, replace it with parent
			delete(s.dirtyDirs, existingDir)
		}
	}

	// NEW: Check for sibling directories and consolidate to parent
	parentDir = filepath.Dir(dirPath)
	for existingDir := range s.dirtyDirs {
		existingParent := filepath.Dir(existingDir)
		if existingParent == parentDir && existingParent != dirPath && existingParent != "." {
			// Found a sibling! Both should be replaced with parent
			delete(s.dirtyDirs, existingDir)
			s.dirtyDirs[parentDir] = time.Now()
			return
		}
	}

	// Add/update this directory
	s.dirtyDirs[dirPath] = time.Now()
}

func (s *MediaScanner) processDirtyDirectories(ctx context.Context) {
	ticker := time.NewTicker(1 * time.Second)
	defer ticker.Stop()

	for {
		select {
		case <-ctx.Done():
			return

		case <-ticker.C:
			s.dirtyDirsMu.Lock()

			now := time.Now()
			readyDirs := make([]string, 0)

			for dirPath, lastChange := range s.dirtyDirs {
				if now.Sub(lastChange) >= 10*time.Second {
					readyDirs = append(readyDirs, dirPath)
					delete(s.dirtyDirs, dirPath)
				}
			}

			s.dirtyDirsMu.Unlock()

			if len(readyDirs) == 0 {
				continue
			}

			affectedRoots := make(map[string]bool)
			for _, dirPath := range readyDirs {
				for _, folder := range s.folders {
					if strings.HasPrefix(dirPath, folder) {
						affectedRoots[folder] = true
						break
					}
				}
			}

			for rootFolder := range affectedRoots {
				s.enqueueLibraryScan(rootFolder)
			}
		}
	}
}

// waitForFileStability checks if a file's mtime has stabilized
// Returns true when file is stable (not being modified)
// Polls every 3 seconds, times out after 60 seconds
// Uses atomic.Bool to prevent race conditions with concurrent checks
func (s *MediaScanner) waitForFileStability(filePath string) bool {
	s.fileStabilityMu.Lock()

	// Check if already being checked (atomic.Bool prevents race condition)
	tracking, exists := s.fileStability[filePath]
	if exists {
		s.fileStabilityMu.Unlock()
		// Another goroutine is already checking this file
		if tracking.Load() {
			return false // Still being checked
		}
		// Tracking exists but completed, remove stale entry
		s.fileStabilityMu.Lock()
		delete(s.fileStability, filePath)
	}

	// Start tracking with atomic.Bool set to true (checking in progress)
	trackingFlag := &atomic.Bool{}
	trackingFlag.Store(true)
	s.fileStability[filePath] = trackingFlag
	s.fileStabilityMu.Unlock()

	// Get initial mtime
	info, err := os.Stat(filePath)
	if err != nil {
		// Clean up tracking entry if file doesn't exist
		s.fileStabilityMu.Lock()
		delete(s.fileStability, filePath)
		s.fileStabilityMu.Unlock()
		return false
	}
	lastMtime := info.ModTime()

	// Poll every 3 seconds for up to 60 seconds
	timeout := time.After(60 * time.Second)
	ticker := time.NewTicker(3 * time.Second)
	defer ticker.Stop()

	for {
		select {
		case <-timeout:
			// Timeout - mark as done and clean up
			trackingFlag.Store(false)
			s.fileStabilityMu.Lock()
			delete(s.fileStability, filePath)
			s.fileStabilityMu.Unlock()
			return false // File never stabilized

		case <-ticker.C:
			info, err := os.Stat(filePath)
			if err != nil {
				// File deleted - mark as done and clean up
				trackingFlag.Store(false)
				s.fileStabilityMu.Lock()
				delete(s.fileStability, filePath)
				s.fileStabilityMu.Unlock()
				return false
			}

			currentMtime := info.ModTime()
			if currentMtime.Equal(lastMtime) {
				// File is stable! Mark as done and clean up
				trackingFlag.Store(false)
				s.fileStabilityMu.Lock()
				delete(s.fileStability, filePath)
				s.fileStabilityMu.Unlock()
				return true
			}

			lastMtime = currentMtime
		}
	}
}

func (s *MediaScanner) scanDirectory(ctx context.Context, dirPath string) {
	// Prevent concurrent scans of ANY directory
	// Simple mutex is enough - job queue already serializes by directory
	s.scanMutex.Lock()
	defer s.scanMutex.Unlock()

	s.scanInProgress.Store(true)
	defer s.scanInProgress.Store(false)

	// Find library for this directory
	var libraryID pgtype.UUID
	var rootFolder string

	for _, folder := range s.folders {
		if strings.HasPrefix(dirPath, folder) {
			rootFolder = folder
			if lib, err := s.db.GetLibraryByFolderPathPrefix(ctx, dirPath); err == nil {
				libraryID = lib.LibraryID
				break
			}
		}
	}

	// Check if libraryID is valid before proceeding
	if !libraryID.Valid {
		return
	}

	// Walk directory and process new files (recurses into subdirectories)
	if err := filepath.WalkDir(dirPath, func(path string, d os.DirEntry, err error) error {
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if d.IsDir() {
			return nil
		}
		if !s.isScannableFile(path) {
			return nil
		}

		// Check if file is stable before processing (Audiobookshelf approach)
		if !s.waitForFileStability(path) {
			return nil
		}
		relPath := strings.TrimPrefix(path, rootFolder+"/")
		_, err = s.db.GetMediaItemByFilePath(ctx, database.GetMediaItemByFilePathParams{
			FilePath:  relPath,
			LibraryID: libraryID,
		})

		if errors.Is(err, pgx.ErrNoRows) {
			if _, err := s.processMediaFile(ctx, path); err != nil {
				s.errors++
			} else {
				s.newItems++
			}
			s.totalFiles++
		}

		return nil
	}); err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to walk directory %s: %v\n", dirPath, err)
	}
}

// performInitialScan scans all root folders on startup
// This ensures existing files are detected before watching begins
func (s *MediaScanner) performInitialScan(ctx context.Context) {
	fmt.Printf("Performing initial scan of root folders...\n")

	if s.defaultLibraryID.Valid && s.adminID.Valid {
		folderPaths := s.folders
		libraryIDStr := uuid.UUID(s.defaultLibraryID.Bytes).String()
		adminIDStr := uuid.UUID(s.adminID.Bytes).String()

		job := &Job{
			ID:      uuid.New().String(),
			Type:    JobTypeScan,
			Status:  JobStatusPending,
			UserID:  adminIDStr,
			Context: context.Background(),
			Params: map[string]any{
				"library_id": libraryIDStr,
				"folders":    folderPaths,
				"admin_id":   adminIDStr,
				"db":         s.db,
				"force":      false,
			},
		}

		if WorkerInstance != nil {
			WorkerInstance.Enqueue(job)
			fmt.Printf("Enqueued initial library scan job\n")
		} else {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: Worker not initialized, skipping initial scan\n")
		}
	} else {
		fmt.Printf("Warning: no library/admin ID set, skipping initial scan\n")
	}

	fmt.Printf("Initial scan jobs enqueued\n")
}

func (s *MediaScanner) Close() error {
	fmt.Printf("Cleaning up scanner resources...\n")

	// Stop watching
	if s.watcher != nil {
		if err := s.watcher.Close(); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close fsnotify watcher: %v\n", err)
		}
	}

	// Clean up fileStability map to prevent memory leaks
	s.fileStabilityMu.Lock()
	s.fileStability = make(map[string]*atomic.Bool)
	s.fileStabilityMu.Unlock()

	// Clear dirty directories
	s.dirtyDirsMu.Lock()
	s.dirtyDirs = make(map[string]time.Time)
	s.dirtyDirsMu.Unlock()

	// Wait for in-progress scan to complete (with timeout)
	timeout := time.After(5 * time.Second)
	done := make(chan struct{})

	go func() {
		for s.scanInProgress.Load() {
			time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
		}
		close(done)
	}()

	select {
	case <-done:
		fmt.Printf("Scanner cleanup complete\n")
	case <-timeout:
		fmt.Printf("Timeout waiting for scan to complete\n")
	}

	return nil
}
func (s *MediaScanner) startBackupScan(ctx context.Context) {
	interval := s.GetPollInterval()
	if interval <= 0 {
		fmt.Println("[BACKUP-SCAN] Periodic scan disabled (interval = 0)")
		return
	}
	fmt.Printf("[BACKUP-SCAN] Periodic scan started with interval: %v\n", interval)

	for {
		ticker := time.NewTicker(interval)
		defer ticker.Stop()

		select {
		case <-ctx.Done():
			fmt.Println("[BACKUP-SCAN] Periodic scan stopped")
			return
		case <-ticker.C:
			interval = s.GetPollInterval()
			if !s.GetAutoScanEnabled() {
				continue
			}
			fmt.Printf("[BACKUP-SCAN] Running periodic full scan (interval: %v)...\n", interval)
			for _, folder := range s.folders {
				s.enqueueLibraryScan(folder)
			}
		}
	}
}

func (s *MediaScanner) calculateFileSHA256(filePath string) (string, error) {
	file, err := os.Open(filePath)
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to open file: %v", err)
	}
	defer func() {
		if err := file.Close(); err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to close file %s: %v\n", filePath, err)
		}
	}()

	hasher := sha256.New()
	if _, err := io.Copy(hasher, file); err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to calculate hash: %v", err)
	}

	return hex.EncodeToString(hasher.Sum(nil)), nil
}

// OPFIdentifier represents an identifier from OPF metadata
type OPFIdentifier struct {
	XMLName xml.Name `xml:"identifier"`
	ID      string   `xml:"id,attr"`
	Scheme  string   `xml:"scheme,attr"`
	Content string   `xml:",chardata"`
}

// OPFMetadata represents parsed OPF metadata
type OPFMetadata struct {
	XMLName     xml.Name        `xml:"package"`
	Version     string          `xml:"version,attr"`
	Identifiers []OPFIdentifier `xml:"metadata>identifier"`
}

// extractOPFIdentifiers extracts identifiers from EPUB OPF file
func (s *MediaScanner) extractOPFIdentifiers(epubPath string) (opfIdentifier, opfUUID string, confidence string, err error) {
	book, err := epub.ReadBook(epubPath)
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", "", fmt.Errorf("failed to open EPUB: %v", err)
	}

	// Extract OPF identifiers using go-epub library
	identifiers, err := book.MetadataByKey("identifier")
	if err != nil || len(identifiers) == 0 {
		return "", "", "low", nil
	}

	var identifier, uuidString string
	for _, id := range identifiers {
		id = strings.TrimSpace(id)

		// Check for UUID format (urn:uuid:)
		if trimmed, found := strings.CutPrefix(strings.ToLower(id), "urn:uuid:"); found {
			uuidString = trimmed
			continue
		}

		// Check if it's a plain UUID (8-4-4-4-12 format)
		if isValidUUID(id) {
			uuidString = id
			continue
		}

		// Check for ISBN
		if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(id), "isbn") {
			isbn := s.extractISBNFromIdentifier(id)
			if isbn != "" {
				identifier = isbn
				continue
			}
		}

		// Use first identifier as fallback
		if identifier == "" && id != "" {
			identifier = id
		}
	}

	confidence = s.determineHashConfidence(uuidString, identifier)

	return identifier, uuidString, confidence, nil
}

// isValidUUID checks if string is a valid UUID (8-4-4-4-12 format)
func isValidUUID(idStr string) bool {
	uuidRegex := regexp.MustCompile(`^[0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12}$`)
	return uuidRegex.MatchString(idStr)
}

// extractISBNFromIdentifier extracts ISBN from identifier string
func (s *MediaScanner) extractISBNFromIdentifier(id string) string {
	id = strings.TrimSpace(id)

	// Remove "isbn:" prefix if present
	if trimmed, found := strings.CutPrefix(strings.ToLower(id), "isbn:"); found {
		id = trimmed
	}

	// Remove hyphens and spaces
	isbn := regexp.MustCompile(`[\s-]`).ReplaceAllString(id, "")

	// Check if it's a valid ISBN-10 or ISBN-13
	if len(isbn) == 10 || len(isbn) == 13 {
		return isbn
	}

	return ""
}

// determineHashConfidence determines confidence level based on available identifiers
func (s *MediaScanner) determineHashConfidence(uuid, identifier string) string {
	if uuid != "" && isValidUUID(uuid) {
		return "high"
	}
	if identifier != "" && (strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(identifier), "isbn") || len(identifier) >= 10) {
		return "medium"
	}
	return "low"
}

// detectFormatType detects the format type based on file extension and content
func (s *MediaScanner) detectFormatType(filePath string) string {
	base := strings.ToLower(filepath.Base(filePath))

	// Check for compound extensions first (like .kepub.epub)
	if strings.HasSuffix(base, ".kepub.epub") {
		return "kepub"
	}

	ext := strings.ToLower(filepath.Ext(filePath))

	switch ext {
	case ".epub":
		return "epub"
	case ".kepub":
		return "kepub"
	case ".pdf":
		return "pdf"
	case ".cbz", ".cbr", ".cb7", ".cbt":
		return "comic_archive"
	case ".mobi":
		return "mobi"
	case ".azw", ".azw3":
		return "kfx"
	case ".txt":
		return "txt"
	case ".fb2":
		return "fb2"
	default:
		return "unknown"
	}
}

// extractHashInfo calculates hash and extracts OPF identifiers for a file
func (s *MediaScanner) extractHashInfo(filePath string) (*HashInfo, *FormatInfo, error) {
	// Calculate SHA-256
	fileSHA256, err := s.calculateFileSHA256(filePath)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to calculate SHA-256: %v", err)
	}

	// Get file info
	info, err := os.Stat(filePath)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get file info: %v", err)
	}

	// Extract OPF identifiers for EPUB files
	var opfIdentifier, opfUUID, confidence string
	if strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(filePath), ".epub") {
		opfIdentifier, opfUUID, confidence, err = s.extractOPFIdentifiers(filePath)
		if err != nil {
			// Non-fatal error, continue with low confidence
			confidence = "low"
		}
	}

	hashInfo := &HashInfo{
		FileSHA256:     fileSHA256,
		OPFIdentifier:  opfIdentifier,
		OPFUUID:        opfUUID,
		HashConfidence: confidence,
	}

	formatInfo := &FormatInfo{
		FormatType:    s.detectFormatType(filePath),
		FilePath:      filePath,
		FileSHA256:    fileSHA256,
		FileSizeBytes: info.Size(),
		MimeType:      s.getMimeType(filePath),
	}

	return hashInfo, formatInfo, nil
}

func (s *MediaScanner) getRelativePath(absolutePath string) string {
	// Get the base folder paths from scanner
	for _, baseFolder := range s.folders {
		// Check if path is within this base folder
		if relPath, ok := strings.CutPrefix(absolutePath, baseFolder); ok {
			return strings.TrimPrefix(relPath, "/")
		}
	}
	// Fallback: if no match, return as-is (shouldn't happen)
	return absolutePath
}